What is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

  • Context: MHB 
  • Thread starter Thread starter r-soy
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Dx Integration
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The integration of y/(x² - y²) with respect to x involves using partial fraction decomposition. By treating y as a constant, the expression can be rewritten as y/((x - y)(x + y)). The constants A and B are determined to be 1/2 and -1/2, respectively, leading to the integral result of (1/2)ln|x - y| - (1/2)ln|x + y| + C, where C is a function of y. This method is confirmed through standard integration techniques and the Heaviside cover-up method.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of partial fraction decomposition
  • Familiarity with logarithmic integration techniques
  • Knowledge of hyperbolic functions and their derivatives
  • Basic calculus concepts, particularly integration with respect to a variable
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Heaviside cover-up method for partial fraction decomposition
  • Learn about the integration of rational functions using standard formulas
  • Explore the properties and applications of hyperbolic functions
  • Investigate how to handle constants of integration that are functions of other variables
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those studying calculus and integration techniques, as well as anyone working with differential equations where variables may depend on each other.

r-soy
Messages
170
Reaction score
1
Hi all

can please explaine to me what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

step by step ...
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

Hey Ahmed :

I think you have already studied partial fraction decomposition when you learned about integration .

Here we can treat y as constant hence, we don't need to worry about it , because we are integrating w.r.t x ...

we know by the difference of two squares that :

$$x^2-y^2=(x-y)(x+y)$$

$$\frac{y}{(x-y)(x+y)}=\frac{A}{x-y}+\frac{B}{x+y}$$

Hence we have the following :

$$y = A(x+y) + B(x-y) $$

Now we need to find both A and B so do the following :

1- put x= y so the equation becomes :

$$y = 2y\, A$$ , $$ A =\frac{1}{2}$$

2-To find B we put x=-y

$$y = -2y \,B $$ , $$ B =\frac{-1}{2}$$

$$\frac{y}{(x-y)(x+y)}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{x-y}+\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{x+y}$$

Now can you integrate the right hand side ?
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

1/2ln(x-y) + -1/2(x+y)
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

rsoy said:
Hi all

can please explaine to me what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

step by step ...

Did you check out the Heaviside cover-up method I pointed you to the other day for partial fraction decomposition?
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

rsoy said:
1/2ln(x-y) + -1/2(x+y)

No, this isn't correct , you are missing an absolute value and a ln in the second part !

Also , don't forget that there should be a constant which is a function of y ...
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

1/2ln(x-y) + -1/2ln(x+y) + c

- - - Updated - - -

MarkFL said:
Did you check out the Heaviside cover-up method I pointed you to the other day for partial fraction decomposition?

Yes
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

rsoy said:
1/2ln(x-y) + -1/2ln(x+y) + c

Still , you are missing the absolute value , also C here is a function of y it is is usually wirtten $$\phi(y)$$
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

rsoy said:
Hi all

can please explaine to me what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

step by step ...

Has this question come from trying to solve a differential equation, which would make y a function of x? Or are you doing a "partial integral", in other words, holding y constant while trying to integrate with respect to x?
 
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

rsoy said:
Hi all

can please explaine to me what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

step by step ...

Another approach.
If you have a list of derivatives of trigonometric hyperbolic functions, you should have:
$$\frac{d}{dx} \text{ artanh } x = \frac 1 {1-x^2}$$
 
Last edited:
  • #10
Re: what is integration of y/(x^2-y^2) dx

I like Serena said:
Another approach.
If you have a list of derivatives of trigonometric functions, you should have:
$$\frac{d}{dx} \text{ artanh } x = \frac 1 {1-x^2}$$

Hyperbolic functions...
 
  • #11
Hello, rsoy!

$\displaystyle\int \frac{y}{x^2-y^2}\,dx$
Since $y$ is treated as a constant $b$, we have: .$\displaystyle b\int\frac{dx}{x^2-b^2}$There is a standard integration formula: .$\displaystyle \int \frac{du}{u^2-a^2} \:=\:\frac{1}{2a}\ln\left|\frac{u-a}{u+a}\right|+C $Therefore: .$\displaystyle b\left(\frac{1}{2b}\right)\ln\left|\frac{x-b}{x+b}\right|+C \;=\;\frac{1}{2}\ln\left|\frac{x-y}{x+y}\right|+C$
 
  • #12
soroban said:
Hello, rsoy!


Since $y$ is treated as a constant $b$

The OP has not specified if this is actually the case...
 
  • #13
Prove It said:
The OP has not specified if this is actually the case...

I believe your earlier suspicion that this arose in the process of solving an ODE was correct, i.e., that $y$ is actually dependent upon $x$.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
4K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 31 ·
2
Replies
31
Views
4K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K