Space physics encompasses the study of physical phenomena in space, often focusing on areas such as space plasma physics, magnetospheres, and the solar wind. It is distinct from astrophysics, which deals with celestial objects and phenomena that cannot be directly observed or measured in situ. Space physics allows for direct data collection through probes and instruments deployed in the solar system, providing insights into the Earth's environment and the broader cosmos. The term "space physics" is sometimes used interchangeably with astrophysics in certain academic contexts, leading to some confusion. Additionally, space physics can involve the study of non-gravitational physics, including fluid dynamics and biological effects in microgravity, as well as planetary science and atmospheric science.