What is the Capacitance of the Earth-Ionosphere System?

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SUMMARY

The capacitance of the Earth-Ionosphere system can be calculated using the formula C = 4πε₀ / (1/R_b - 1/R_a). Given that the mean radius of the Earth (R_a) is 6371 km and the ionosphere (R_b) is approximately 70 km above the Earth's surface, the potential difference between the Earth and the ionosphere is 350,000 V. The total charge (Q) on the capacitor can be determined using Q = CV, and the energy (U) stored in the system can be calculated with U = 1/2 CV². These calculations establish the Earth as a spherical capacitor with significant electrical properties.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of spherical capacitors
  • Familiarity with electrostatics and capacitance formulas
  • Knowledge of the mean radius of the Earth (6371 km)
  • Basic principles of electric potential and charge
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the capacitance of the Earth-Ionosphere system using the provided formula
  • Determine the total charge using Q = CV with the calculated capacitance
  • Compute the energy stored in the system using U = 1/2 CV²
  • Explore the implications of the Earth-Ionosphere capacitance on atmospheric electricity
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics, electrical engineers, and researchers interested in atmospheric science and electrostatics will benefit from this discussion.

lmstaples
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Homework Statement


The Earth can be considered as a single-conductor capacitor. It can also be considered in combination with a charged layer of the atmosphere, the ionosphere, as a spherical capacitor with two plates, the surface of the Earth being the negative plate. The ionosphere is at a level of about 70km, and the potential difference between Earth and ionosphere is about 350000V.

(a) Calculate the capacitance of this system.

(b) Calculate the total charge on the capacitor.

(c) Calculate the energy stored in the system.


Homework Equations



C=\frac{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}{[\frac{1}{R_b}-\frac{1}{R_a}]}

Q=CV

U=\frac{1}{2}CV^2



The Attempt at a Solution



Doesn't give me R_a (radius of earth?) so I don't see how to get around it. I assume R_b - R_a is the difference between the radius of Earth and the ionosphere, but then I don't know what R_a R_B is.

The rest seems easy once I have the capacitance
 
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The mean radius of the Earth is 6371km. It says so on the internet so it is true :wink:.
 

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