What is the correct electron configuration for copper?

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SUMMARY

The correct electron configuration for copper (Cu), atomic number 29, is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10. While the initial attempt at the configuration was 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9, this is incorrect due to the stability provided by a filled 3d subshell. The discrepancy between textbooks and resources like Wikipedia arises from the understanding of electron configurations in transition metals, where exceptions occur.

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  • Familiarity with the Aufbau principle for electron configuration
  • Knowledge of transition metals and their unique electron configurations
  • Basic chemistry terminology related to orbitals and subshells
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Homework Statement


I'm a complete chemistry novice, just on chapter 1 of my book here.

I am tasked with writing down the electron configuration of Copper, atom number 29.


Homework Equations




I've got my orbital chart here. 29 electrons to fill in.


The Attempt at a Solution



I go with:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9

On my chart, and I am sorry if I am making a mess of the terms of chemistry here, it shows 4s filling up before electrons fill up 3d.

And this is correct according to my school book.

So I try to draw it using the normal onion layer model.

2-8-17-2

Then I got wikipedia, and it shows this picture:

480px-Electron_shell_029_Copper_-_no_label.svg.png


2-8-18-1

Is my book wrong? Am I wrong? Is wikipedia wrong here?
 
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Oh wow. Ok. Thanks!
 

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