What is the definition of net upward force?

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The net upward force is defined as the difference between the buoyant force (F'b) and the weight (W) of an object, expressed as F'b - W. To keep an object, such as a can, submerged, an external downward force must be applied to balance this net upward force. The buoyant force arises from hydrodynamic pressure acting on the object. If the sum of forces in any direction is zero, the object does not accelerate in that direction. Understanding these forces is crucial for analyzing the conditions necessary to maintain an object's immersion in a fluid.
Palak Verma
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To keep the can immersed, an external downward force is needed to balance the net upward force(=F'b-W).
 
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You may want to expand on your question.
 
F'b means maximum upthrust.
 
The expression "net force in direction x" means the sum of all forces, or components of forces, that act in direction x. If the sum of forces acting in the x direction is zero then the object isn't accelerating in the x direction.
 
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Palak Verma said:
To keep the can immersed, an external downward force is needed to balance the net upward force(=F'b-W).
F'b is the buoyant force (due to hydrodynamic pressure) on the can, and W is the weight of the can and its contents. The "net upward force" as used in the present context is the buoyant force minus the weight.

Chet
 
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Thread 'Magnitude of buoyant force in fluids of different densities'

The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?
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