What is the osmotic pressure? (intro life-science physics)

  • Thread starter Thread starter duckological
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Physics Pressure
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on understanding osmotic pressure in relation to monovalent salts, specifically sodium chloride (NaCl). Participants clarify that when NaCl dissociates in solution, the concentration of sodium ions (C_Na) and chloride ions (C_Cl) can be calculated by recognizing that each mole of NaCl produces one mole of Na+ and one mole of Cl-. The osmotic pressure is influenced by the concentration of these ions, which effectively doubles the concentration when considering ionic dissociation. Additionally, participants emphasize the importance of unit consistency in calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of osmotic pressure concepts
  • Knowledge of ionic dissociation in solutions
  • Familiarity with molarity and concentration calculations
  • Basic principles of cell biology related to osmotic balance
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the Van 't Hoff equation for calculating osmotic pressure
  • Learn about the effects of different types of salts on osmotic pressure
  • Study the principles of ionic dissociation in various solvents
  • Explore the role of osmotic pressure in biological systems, particularly in red blood cells
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in life sciences, particularly those studying cell biology, biochemistry, or physical chemistry, will benefit from this discussion on osmotic pressure and ionic solutions.

duckological
Messages
1
Reaction score
0
Homework Statement
The monovalent salt concentration (the predominant solute in the blood cell) for a sample of red blood cells is 0.21 moles/liter. If one of these red blood cells were placed in pure water (at around room temperature, 300 K), and the cell comes to hydrostatic equilibrium with the water, what is the osmotic pressure of the cell (assuming it doesn't burst)? Again, be careful, salts dissociate when dissolved, and take care with the concentration (moles/liter vs moles/m3).
Relevant Equations
π=CRT
where:
π is osmotic pressure
C is concentration
R is the constant 8.314 J/Mol*K
T is the temperature at 300 K
I haven't learned what a monovalent salt is, but through some research, I'm assuming it's when a solute like NaCl dissociates into one of each molecule, so C_solute is equal to C_Na + C_Cl.

With that assumption, how do I find C_Na and C_Cl?

If I read the question correctly, the sample of red blood cells is the same as salt (0.21 moles/liter), but then it says the red blood cells were placed in pure water, which is where I am lost.

Again, I'm just confused on what C is.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The pressure inside the cell has to be higher than in the pure water surrounding the cell to prevent the outside water from coming in through the cell membrane to try to dilute the salt solution inside the cell. C is the concentration of the molar NaCl inside the cell liquid. The pressure difference between inside and outside the cell is the ##\pi## in your equation..
 
Considering the admonition of being careful about ionic dissociation of the salt in water, you should assume that your given molar density doubles from the given (un-ionized) concentration. Which i think is as you suspected. So C doubles.

Also, careful about units as again admonished.

BTW 'monovalent' means 1 electron per molecule (or atom) in the outermost (valence) band, e.g. NaCl.
edit: SCRATCH THAT LAST SENTENCE: If it had been a bivalent salt for example you would have gotten 4 times the unionized concentration. Etc.
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 23 ·
Replies
23
Views
6K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
5K
Replies
10
Views
4K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
4K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K