What Is the Volume Flux for a Hydraulic Jump?

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves analyzing a hydraulic jump using the continuity or conservation of mass equation in fluid dynamics. Participants are exploring the implications of integrating this equation to understand volume flux across different heights in the flow.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss integrating the conservation of mass equation with respect to both horizontal and vertical dimensions, questioning the assumptions about the vertical velocity being a function of height only. There is uncertainty regarding the implications of their results, particularly the apparent equality of heights in a hydraulic jump scenario.

Discussion Status

Some participants have offered suggestions for integration techniques, including the use of the Leibniz rule. There is ongoing exploration of the mathematical steps involved, with participants expressing uncertainty about their calculations and the assumptions being made.

Contextual Notes

Participants are grappling with the implications of their findings in the context of a hydraulic jump, where the behavior of fluid heights is expected to differ. There is a noted concern about the assumptions regarding the dependence of vertical velocity on height and the nature of the flow being analyzed.

Particle Head

Homework Statement


Problem is given in this image,
https://gyazo.com/454370ff9549dcd7c53604ebfe5df105

Homework Equations



Continuity or conservation of mass equation:
\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial w}{\partial z} = 0
Where u is the horizontal velocity and w is the vertical velocity

The Attempt at a Solution



Firstly I integrated the conservation of mass equation with respect to x between the two points:

\int_ {x_1} ^ {x_2} \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} \mathrm{d}x + \int_ {x_1} ^ {x_2} \frac{\partial w}{\partial z} \mathrm{d}x = 0<br />
Which after evaluating I get,
u(x_2) - u(x_1) + x_2 \frac{\partial w}{\partial z} - x_1 \frac{\partial w}{\partial z} = 0
Firstly here I am not 100% sure I can assume w is just a function of z only, but I have yet to see it as a function of anything else other than t in 2D flow?

I then integrated the mass equation vertically first from z = 0 to z = h_1 and then from z=0 to z= h_2

\int_{0}^{h_1} \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} dz + \int_{0}^{h_1} \frac{\partial w}{\partial z} dz = 0

which yields,
h_1 \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} - w(0) = 0
Since w(h_1) = 0

Similarly for z=0 to z= h_2 I get,
h_2 \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} - w(0) = 0

This is where I am kind of stuck, from these two equations it appears h_1 = h_2 which doesn't make sense since this is a hydraulic jump and the nature of such is to increase the surface of the liquid.

Any hints where I may be going wrong here or missing something is appreciated.

Thanks.
 
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First integrate with respect to z, using the Leibnitz rule for differentiation under the integral sign on the u term.
 
I try to integrate with respect to z first, I haven't used the Leibniz rule before but from what I can gather I can treat my bounds as constant thus I get this for the u term.

\int_{0}^{h_1} \frac {\partial u}{\partial x} dz = \frac {\partial}{\partial x} \int_{0}^{h_1} u dz

After evaluating this I get,
h_1 \frac {\partial u}{\partial x}

I'm not sure if I did this correct but following this doesn't seem to get me much further?
I suspect my math is off I haven't done any multi variable calc for a while.
 
$$\frac{\partial [\int_0^{h(x)}udz]}{\partial x}=\int_0^{h(x)}{\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}dz}+u(x,h)\frac{dh}{dx}$$
 

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