Potential difference, also known as voltage, is the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric circuit. It is measured in volts and represents the amount of energy required to move a unit of charge from one point to the other.
Electric current is the flow of electric charge, while potential difference is the force that drives the current. In other words, potential difference is the cause and electric current is the effect.
Potential difference can be affected by the type of material, distance between points, and the presence of other electrical components in a circuit. It can also be affected by external factors such as temperature and humidity.
Potential difference is a fundamental concept in understanding how electricity works. It allows us to calculate the flow of electric current and determine the behavior of electrical components in a circuit. It is also essential in designing and troubleshooting electrical systems.
Potential difference is measured using a voltmeter, which is a device that measures the difference in electric potential between two points in a circuit. The voltmeter is connected in parallel to the component or circuit being measured and provides a numerical reading in volts.