Why does charge transfer reduce the covalent component of a heteropolar bond?

In summary, charge transfer occurs in a heteropolar bond due to the unequal distribution of electrons caused by differences in electronegativity between the two atoms. This transfer of charge weakens the covalent component of the bond, which can significantly impact the overall properties of the molecule. However, charge transfer can never completely eliminate the covalent character of a heteropolar bond, and other factors such as bond length, molecular geometry, and the presence of other atoms or functional groups can also influence the degree of charge transfer.
  • #1
sunghyunKim
1
0
In THE THEORY OF REALMATERIALS(Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 2000. 30:1–26),

Marvin L. Cohen states that

"Because charge transfer reduces the covalent component of a heteropolar bond, B0 is also reduced."

Can you explain that connection between charge transfer and covalent component of a heteropolar bond? or give me a some ref?
 
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  • #2
Well, take for example H2. If you transfer an electron from one H to the other you end up with a valence bond structure H^+ H^-, i.e. an ionic structure. Hence charge transfer is much the same as saying that there are ionic contributions to the bond.
 

FAQ: Why does charge transfer reduce the covalent component of a heteropolar bond?

Why does charge transfer occur in a heteropolar bond?

Charge transfer occurs in a heteropolar bond when one atom has a significantly higher electronegativity than the other. This creates an unequal distribution of electrons, causing one atom to become slightly negative and the other slightly positive. This transfer of charge creates an ionic character in the bond.

How does charge transfer affect the covalent component of a heteropolar bond?

Charge transfer reduces the covalent component of a heteropolar bond by weakening the shared electron pair between the two atoms. The ionic character of the bond causes a decrease in the strength of the covalent bond, making it less stable.

What is the significance of reducing the covalent component of a heteropolar bond?

Reducing the covalent component of a heteropolar bond can have a significant impact on the overall properties of a molecule. It can affect the bond's strength, polarity, and reactivity, which in turn can influence the molecule's physical and chemical properties.

Can charge transfer completely eliminate the covalent character of a heteropolar bond?

No, charge transfer cannot completely eliminate the covalent character of a heteropolar bond. While it can significantly decrease the covalent component, there will always be some degree of sharing of electrons between the two atoms in a bond.

What other factors can influence the degree of charge transfer in a heteropolar bond?

The difference in electronegativity between the two atoms is the primary factor that determines the degree of charge transfer in a heteropolar bond. However, factors such as bond length, molecular geometry, and the presence of other atoms or functional groups in the molecule can also affect the extent of charge transfer.

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