The index of refraction varies by light color due to the different wavelengths of light interacting with a medium's atomic structure. Shorter wavelengths, such as blue light, typically refract more than longer wavelengths, like red light. This phenomenon explains why some light is reflected while other light is refracted when transitioning between mediums. For a deeper understanding, refer to resources on refraction and reflection, including the provided links.
PREREQUISITESStudents of physics, educators teaching optics, and anyone interested in the behavior of light in various mediums will benefit from this discussion.