turbo-1 said:
For reference, I hunt big game with up-loaded .45-70s in a Ruger Model 1 single-shot. I have never shot a deer that took more than one or two steps (momentum, mostly).
What does that have to do with the .223?
I would never hunt anything other than paper with a .223. It does not have the stopping power that I require to humanely kill an animal.
It sounds like you are concluding from the small diameter of hole that it puts in a piece of paper, that it will also put a small hole into an animal. For the reasons I have explained above, you are flat wrong. Perhaps you are mistaking the .223 = 5.56x45mm with the 22 LR or 22 short, or some older variant of the 223.
The fact is that the 5.56 which you referred to as weak has far better stopping power than your .45-70 within 500m range.
The 5.56 is not acceptable as a hunting round, especially not for big game, for several reasons. Primarily, you may want longer range and better wind resistance...and the 5.56 loses its accuracy and stopping power at longer ranges because it loses its frangibility below about 1700 fps. At ranges where it is still frangible, it is still not acceptable as a hunting round because nobody wants shrapnel in their carcass, nobody wants the back side of the pelt to have a gaping hole in it. This is considered inhumane among other things.
The reason that the military standardized on the .223 is that troops could carry a LOT more rounds in the field than the heavier .308, partly on the "spray and pray" philosophy, AND the little guns were lots lighter. As you may know, troops in Viet Nam who had a choice (often point-men on patrol, like my cousin who got tapped for two tours on point) often opted for the BAR instead of the light .223s. Our European allies continue to use .308s (7.62) in the FN, H&K, etc.
When looking at wound profiles it is important to note that the outer line represents the shock wave, and does not cause permanent damage or rupturing. The actual damage caused can be well approximated by integrating the volume of the actual wound cavity. Looking at the 22 LR, you can see it does nothing other than bore a pinprick hole:
http://www.firearmstactical.com/images/Wound%20Profiles/22LR%2037gr%20HP%20Wound%20Profile.jpg
The 7.62mm NATO round is slightly better, due to its slightly larger caliber and rotation..but still it is only immediately deadly if the CNS is hit. Otherwise it is just a bleed wound,
http://www.geocities.com/whiskey99a/image008.gif
Contrast this to the .223,
http://www.firearmstactical.com/images/Wound%20Profiles/M855.jpg