Why Is Heat Distribution Unequal in the Expanding Universe?

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Heat distribution in the expanding universe is uneven due to the horizon problem, which questions why regions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have similar temperatures despite being causally disconnected. The standard explanation involves the inflationary scenario, which posits a rapid expansion of space that occurred shortly after the Big Bang, allowing distant regions to come into thermal equilibrium. This inflationary phase addresses both the horizon problem and the flatness-oldness problem in cosmology. Observations show that while there are variations in the CMB, the uniformity of temperature across vast distances remains a significant point of discussion. Understanding these phenomena is crucial for comprehending the early universe's dynamics.
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I ran across this on a website. The problem is, because heat spreads out slower than light, when the big bang explodes and expands at the speed of light then there should be unequal heat regions all over the universe. But this is not true according to observation. Why is this so?
 
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csrichie said:
I ran across this on a website. The problem is, because heat spreads out slower than light, when the big bang explodes and expands at the speed of light then there should be unequal heat regions all over the universe. But this is not true according to observation. Why is this so?

The standard explanation is inflation. The problem is known as "the horizon problem". See for instance http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cosmoall.htm (I'll provide a short quote to point out the specific applicable section).

Any event that influences the temperature of the CMB that we see on the left side of the sky must be within the left-hand yellow region. Any event that affects the temperature of the CMB on the right side of the sky must be within the right-hand yellow region. These regions have no events in common, but the two temperatures are equal to better than 1 part in 10,000. How is this possible? This is known as the "horizon" problem in cosmology.

Inflation

The "inflationary scenario", developed by Starobinsky and by Guth, offers a solution to the flatness-oldness problem and the horizon problem.

The "flatness-oldness" problem (i.e. why omega is close to one) is also explained by inflation.
 
That does not make any sense to me, csrichie. Heat is transferred by kinetic and photonic energy, according to current theories. The speed of transfer is interrupted by molecules jostling for a more stable position in the grand scheme of things.
 
csrichie said:
... when the big bang explodes and expands at the speed of light ...
Note that the Big Bang was not like a conventional "explosion" (it was, in part, the rapid expansion of all space) Also, it didn't expand at the speed of light (at least, not for more than an instant as you'll see from pervect's info about the inflationary period). Also note that there are observable variations in the cosmic microwave background radiation.
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology) Was a matter density right after the decoupling low enough to consider the vacuum as the actual vacuum, and not the medium through which the light propagates with the speed lower than ##({\epsilon_0\mu_0})^{-1/2}##? I'm asking this in context of the calculation of the observable universe radius, where the time integral of the inverse of the scale factor is multiplied by the constant speed of light ##c##.
The formal paper is here. The Rutgers University news has published a story about an image being closely examined at their New Brunswick campus. Here is an excerpt: Computer modeling of the gravitational lens by Keeton and Eid showed that the four visible foreground galaxies causing the gravitational bending couldn’t explain the details of the five-image pattern. Only with the addition of a large, invisible mass, in this case, a dark matter halo, could the model match the observations...
Hi, I’m pretty new to cosmology and I’m trying to get my head around the Big Bang and the potential infinite extent of the universe as a whole. There’s lots of misleading info out there but this forum and a few others have helped me and I just wanted to check I have the right idea. The Big Bang was the creation of space and time. At this instant t=0 space was infinite in size but the scale factor was zero. I’m picturing it (hopefully correctly) like an excel spreadsheet with infinite...
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