Heat distribution in the expanding universe is uneven due to the horizon problem, which questions why regions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have similar temperatures despite being causally disconnected. The standard explanation involves the inflationary scenario, which posits a rapid expansion of space that occurred shortly after the Big Bang, allowing distant regions to come into thermal equilibrium. This inflationary phase addresses both the horizon problem and the flatness-oldness problem in cosmology. Observations show that while there are variations in the CMB, the uniformity of temperature across vast distances remains a significant point of discussion. Understanding these phenomena is crucial for comprehending the early universe's dynamics.