Why we call ''nonlinear'' sigma model?

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the distinction between the linear sigma model and the nonlinear sigma model in quantum field theory. The linear sigma model is defined by the Lagrangian L = (1/2)(∂μΦ^i)² + (1/2)μ²(Φ^i)² - (λ/4)((Φ^i)²)², while the nonlinear sigma model is expressed as L = f_{ij}(Φ^i)∂μΦ^i∂μΦ^j. The term "nonlinear" arises from the constant nature of the sigma field in the nonlinear model, indicating zero fluctuations, contrasting with the nonzero fluctuations present in the linear model. This historical context highlights the nonlinear model's role as an alternative description of spontaneous symmetry breaking.

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  • Understanding of Lagrangian mechanics in quantum field theory
  • Familiarity with the concepts of spontaneous symmetry breaking
  • Knowledge of O(N) symmetry and its implications
  • Basic grasp of field theory fluctuations and their significance
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Physicists, particularly those specializing in quantum field theory, theoretical physicists exploring symmetry breaking, and students seeking a deeper understanding of sigma models.

ndung200790
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Please teach me this:
The linear sigma model L(Lagrangian)=\frac{1}{2}(\delta_{\mu}\Phi^{i})^{2} + \frac{1}{2}\mu^{2}(\Phi^{i})^{2} -
\frac{\lambda}{4}((\Phi^{i})^{2})^{2}.
The nonlinear sigma model:
L=f_{ij}({\Phi^{i}})\delta_{\mu}
\Phi^{i}\delta^{\mu}\Phi{j}.
After put condition O(N) symmetry,we have Lagrangian(because after the putting f=constant):L=\frac{1}{2g^{2}}/\delta_{\mu}n/^{2}.
.Then the nonlinear model is a special case of the linear sigma model.So I do not understand why we call it the ''nonlinear'' model?
 
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At the moment I think that the term nonlinear sigma model has origination from history.It was first considered as an alternative description of spontaneous symmetry breaking.In the nonlinear model the sigma field is constant(the fluctuation of the field is zero,then they call ''nonlinear'').But in the linear sigma model, the fluctuation sigma field is nonzero(then they call ''linear'') plus the expectation at ground state of field(constant).Is that correct?
 

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