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Trave11er
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Why is polarization in dielectric material linearly proportional to the E-field. T.y.
Trave11er said:Why is polarization in dielectric material linearly proportional to the E-field. T.y.
why dipole moments induced will be proportional to the electric field if it small, please?
This is because P represents the polarization of a material, which is the measure of how much the material's atoms shift or rotate in response to an applied electric field. Epsilon is the material's permittivity, which describes how easily the material can be polarized. Therefore, when the electric field strength (E) increases, the polarization (P) also increases in proportion to the material's permittivity (epsilon).
The proportionality constant, also known as the dielectric constant or relative permittivity, is a measure of a material's ability to store electric energy. It determines how much the electric field strength within the material is reduced compared to the external field strength. Higher values of the dielectric constant indicate a stronger response to the electric field and a greater ability to store electric energy.
The electric susceptibility (chi) of a material is a measure of how easily the material can be polarized in response to an applied electric field. It is mathematically related to the permittivity (epsilon) and the proportionality between P and epsilon*E. Specifically, the susceptibility is equal to the proportionality constant multiplied by the permittivity.
No, this proportionality only holds true for linear materials, which exhibit a linear relationship between the electric field and the resulting polarization. Materials with a nonlinear response, such as ferroelectric materials, do not follow this proportionality and have more complex relationships between P and E.
The proportionality between P and epsilon*E is affected by temperature in two ways. Firstly, the permittivity of a material can change with temperature, which in turn affects the proportionality constant. Secondly, temperature can also affect the ability of a material to be polarized, thus influencing the polarization (P) for a given electric field strength (E). Therefore, the proportionality between P and epsilon*E may change with temperature for certain materials.