Autonomous Diff. Equation, Free Fall Encountering Resistance

In summary, the conversation discusses a problem involving a falling body with air resistance and the calculation of its terminal velocity. The formula for terminal velocity is v=√((mg)/k), and for a 110 lb skydiver with a typical value of k as .005, the terminal velocity is calculated to be √(160/.005). However, there is some confusion about how the value of 110 was converted to 160, and it is possible that there is an error in the textbook.
  • #1
edithc
2
0

Homework Statement


Given: If a body of a mass m falling from rest under the action of gravity encounters an air resistance proportional to the square of velocity, then the body's velocity t seconds in the fall satisfies

v' = g - [(kv^2)/m] where k>0

and is a constant that depends on the body's aerodynamic properties and the density of the air (assume fall is too short to be affected by changes in the density).

For a 110 lb skydiver (mg=110) and with time in seconds and distance in ft., a typical value of k is .005. What is the diver's terminal velocity?

Homework Equations



terminal velocity = v = √((mg)/k)

The Attempt at a Solution



This is a problem from the autonomous differential equation section. The first two parts of the equation were to sketch phase lines and a typical velocity curve, which was completed. This part, the third part of the question, wants the diver's terminal velocity.

For the earlier sections, I found out that v=√((mg)/k) which is the equilibrium pt./terminal velocity. I expected the answer to be √(110/.005) but the back of the textbook said that it was √(160/.005). How did 110 become 160 for the mg section? Does it have something to do with a conversion that I needed to do and missed or did it involve solving with v''?

Thanks in advance for any help.
 
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  • #2
Are you sure that's not 1600/.005 ? I think the issue is the conversion of units.
 
  • #3
It is definitely sqrt(160/.005).
 
  • #4
edithc said:
It is definitely sqrt(160/.005).

I am not sure then - possible error in book?
 

1. What is an autonomous differential equation?

An autonomous differential equation is a type of differential equation in which the independent variable is not explicitly present. This means that the equation does not depend on a specific point in time or space, but rather on the overall behavior of the system.

2. How is free fall encountering resistance modeled using autonomous differential equations?

In free fall encountering resistance, the force of gravity is countered by a resistive force, such as air resistance. This can be modeled using an autonomous differential equation by incorporating the resistive force into the equation for acceleration. This results in a second-order differential equation that can be solved using various techniques.

3. What are some real-world applications of autonomous differential equations?

Autonomous differential equations have a wide range of applications in fields such as physics, engineering, biology, and economics. Some examples include modeling population growth, analyzing circuit behavior, and predicting the motion of objects under the influence of various forces.

4. How do you solve an autonomous differential equation?

Solving an autonomous differential equation involves finding a function that satisfies the equation. This can be done using various methods such as separation of variables, substitution, or integrating factors. In some cases, numerical methods may also be used to approximate a solution.

5. What are the limitations of using autonomous differential equations?

While autonomous differential equations can be a powerful tool for modeling and analyzing systems, they have some limitations. These include the assumption of continuous and smooth behavior, the need for initial conditions, and the difficulty of solving higher-order equations analytically. In some cases, nonlinear effects may also make the equations more difficult to solve or may require numerical methods to obtain a solution.

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