Grounding Test: Ordinary Multimeter vs Special Tool?

In summary, the most accurate way to perform a point to point test for determining resistance between the main grounding system and all the major electrical frames, system neutral, etc is by using a 4 wire "Kelvin" resistance meter. Ordinary multimeters are not suitable for this type of test due to the added resistance from their leads. The NETA value of 0.5 ohm is widely accepted for this type of testing. Using an approved tester ensures consistency with your country's requirements and eliminates the potential for human error in interpreting rules and readings.
  • #1
Royherd27
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Can the point to point test, (to determine the resistance between the main grounding system and all the major electrical frames, system neutral, etc) be made with an ordinary multimeter or does it need a special ground test tool?
The NETA value of 0.5 ohm is widely accepted?
 
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  • #2
The advantage of an approved tester is that it is consistent with your country's requirements, and doesn't depend on you interpreting the rules and the readings and correctly applying the correct stimulus.
 
  • #5
Royherd27 said:
Can the point to point test, (to determine the resistance between the main grounding system and all the major electrical frames, system neutral, etc) be made with an ordinary multimeter or does it need a special ground test tool?
The NETA value of 0.5 ohm is widely accepted?

The basic problem with ordinary multimeter is that its leads will add resistance in series. You will need long leads if you are probing between major electrical frames, the lead resistance will probably be orders of magnitude more than the bonding resistance you are trying to measure.

You need a 4 wire "Kelvin" resistance meter (previous posters provided links). Here is how they work:

2 leads supply a constant controlled current source through the ground structure under test (lead resistance not an issue here since it is a current source). The other two leads measure voltage across the current source. The voltage measurement leads draw very low leakage current so lead resistance here is not an issue.
 

1. What is the purpose of a grounding test?

The purpose of a grounding test is to ensure that electrical equipment and systems are properly connected to the ground, which is essential for safety and proper functioning.

2. What is the difference between using an ordinary multimeter and a special tool for grounding tests?

An ordinary multimeter can measure voltage, resistance, and continuity, but it may not have the specific features and accuracy required for a thorough grounding test. A special tool, such as a ground resistance tester or a clamp meter, is designed specifically for grounding tests and provides more precise and detailed results.

3. When should a grounding test be performed?

A grounding test should be performed whenever new electrical equipment is installed, after any modifications or repairs, and on a regular basis as part of routine maintenance. It is also recommended to perform a grounding test after any incidents or disturbances that may have affected the electrical system.

4. What are the potential consequences of not performing a grounding test?

Not performing a grounding test can lead to safety hazards, such as electrical shocks, fires, and equipment damage. It can also result in improper functioning of electrical systems, which can lead to downtime, loss of productivity, and expensive repairs.

5. Can a grounding test be performed by anyone, or does it require a trained professional?

While a basic grounding test can be performed by anyone with the proper equipment and knowledge, it is recommended to have a trained professional conduct more complex and thorough grounding tests. This ensures accuracy and compliance with safety standards and regulations.

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