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What is the definiton of a high temperature superconductor otherwise known as Type II superconductors?
A Type II superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance at a critical temperature. Unlike Type I superconductors, Type II superconductors have a mixed state where they can partially resist a magnetic field.
The critical temperature of Type II superconductors varies depending on the material, but it is generally higher than that of Type I superconductors. It can range from a few degrees above absolute zero to above room temperature.
Type II superconductors have a mixed state where they can partially resist a magnetic field, while Type I superconductors cannot. Type II superconductors also have a higher critical temperature and can carry higher current densities.
Some examples of Type II superconductors include niobium-titanium, niobium-tin, and ceramic materials such as yttrium-barium-copper-oxide (YBCO) and bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (BSCCO).
Type II superconductors are used in a variety of practical applications, such as in MRI machines, particle accelerators, and high-speed trains. They are also being researched for use in energy-efficient power transmission and storage systems.