phydis said:In the tensile test practical for ductile materials, up to the elastic limit, the deformation is recoverable (no line defects).
Yes. Look up "Poisson's ratio".My question is can there be a reduction of area with the elastic deformation?
What sort of answer do you want? Poisson's ratio described what happens, for isotropic materials. For anisotropic materials the concept is similar but there can be up to 21 different parameters rather than just 2 (Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio).If yes, how it happens?
Reduction of area is a measure of the decrease in cross-sectional area of a material after it has been subjected to elastic deformation. It is typically expressed as a percentage value.
Reduction of area is calculated by dividing the difference between the original cross-sectional area and the minimum cross-sectional area after deformation by the original cross-sectional area, and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage value.
Reduction of area is caused by the movement of dislocations within a material during elastic deformation. This movement causes the material to thin out and decrease in cross-sectional area.
Reduction of area is an important indicator of a material's ductility and ability to withstand stress without permanent deformation. A higher reduction of area indicates a more ductile material, while a lower reduction of area indicates a more brittle material.
In most cases, reduction of area cannot be reversed. Once a material has undergone elastic deformation and experienced a decrease in cross-sectional area, it will not return to its original shape and size. However, in some cases, heat treatment or other processes may be able to restore some of the lost area.