What is Design: Definition and 1000 Discussions

A design is a plan or specification for the construction of an object or system or for the implementation of an activity or process, or the result of that plan or specification in the form of a prototype, product or process. The verb to design expresses the process of developing a design. In some cases, the direct construction of an object without an explicit prior plan (such as in craftwork, some engineering, coding, and graphic design) may also be considered to be a design activity. The design usually has to satisfy certain goals and constraints, may take into account aesthetic, functional, economic, or socio-political considerations, and is expected to interact with a certain environment. Major examples of designs include architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business processes, circuit diagrams, and sewing patterns.The person who produces a design is called a designer, which is a term generally used for people who work professionally in one of the various design areas—usually specifying which area is being dealt with (such as a fashion designer, product designer, web designer or interior designer), but also others such as architects and engineers. A designer's sequence of activities is called a design process, possibly using design methods. The process of creating a design can be brief (a quick sketch) or lengthy and complicated, involving considerable research, negotiation, reflection, modeling, interactive adjustment and re-design.

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  1. A

    Design of Shaft Diameter for a rotating Drum

    Hi All, I am designing a hollow rotating drum equipment which will be filled with specialized media for wastewater purification. I need help to design the shaft diameter for the entire assembly. The Drum will be hollow with a diameter of 1.77 meter and length of 2.5 filled with some kind of...
  2. P

    Mechanical design - cam timing chain versus gear-driven

    mechanical design -- cam timing chain versus gear-driven hey all, I am a mech-e student, but I am still in the infancy of my degree, so I haven't really had any courses pertaining to this sort of thing, but having work with cars for a number of years, and having what I consider a strong...
  3. C

    Optimal design, water-wing - single oar propulsion

    Optimal design, "water-wing" - single oar propulsion Good evening, and hello to you all. As you can see I'm new here, so please go easy on me. A while ago I got to learn about the single oar propulsion system used in southeast Asia. The way I see it this is a principle with loads of...
  4. I

    Efficient Charging System Design Help for GTL ICR18650 Battery

    I am redeveloping a product that literally billions of people use, from every day to at least once a month. I need some help designing the power portion, as I am not an engineer. I am planning on using the GTL ICR18650 3.7V 3000 mAh Lithium Battery because it provides the power needed, as...
  5. H

    Barrel cam design, Torsion, Rotational Speed, Displacement

    Hello I'm a student and I have project making a harvesting tool which need barrel cam I need force to cut trunk of coconut tree (I don't know it in english, what I mean is the hard part of coconut leaf) I'm a bit confuse here from Robert L Norton book Cam Design and Manufacturing...
  6. jegues

    Buck Converter Design for PMDC Motor

    Buck Converter Design for PMDC Motor Introductory Notes: The design article followed in this post can be found here: http://my.ece.ucsb.edu/York/Bobsclass/194/References/NonIsolated/Buck/Buck%20Converter%20Design%20Demystified%20606PET25.pdf This circuit will be used for a motor controller...
  7. R

    Complete Random Design vs RCBD

    I want to understand the difference between Completely Randomized Design and Randomized Complete Block Design. Say for this example how we can categorize? An experiment is conducted to compare the starting salaries of male and female college graduates who find jobs. Pairs are formed by...
  8. L

    Is the Pressure Vessel Design for a Railway Cistern Appropriate?

    Design a railway cistern for 120,000 kg of Liquid. It has to be a cylindrical shell on two supports. The cistern is 18 m long 3 m in diameter (inner). It is made of steel with the yield strength of SY= 240MPa. Safety factor of FY= 1.9; Total corrosion allowance, c= 3.0 mm; Welded joint...
  9. S

    From calculations to actual design.

    Hello I am trying to put together a system - think of it as a mini oven that reaches temperatures of no higher than about 75-80 degrees C but normally up to about 50 degrees. Initially, I'm trying to find out what power would be required to warm a space up to that temperature. I started...
  10. S

    Design calculations for my hybrid e-cycle

    i'm in the conceptual design stage of my e-cycle. my tech reqs : 1. it should have a max speed of atleast 40 kmph. 2. gross weight = 120 kg 3. min range 30 km. Please help me with the following design question. how to estimate the motor & battery power requirements ?
  11. J

    Design Phases/Stages - Order & Explanation

    Hello everyone! Could you please explain to me what design stages/phases exist? And in what order are they placed? Is it: - Conceptual Design - Preliminary Design - Final Deign What is "detail design" then and how is it different from the Final Design? After googling, I've got a lot...
  12. R

    Heat Exchangers: Advantages of NTU vs LMTD methods in heat exchanger Design

    Hello everyone Exam tomorrow on thermodynmaics and can only find one advantage for the NTU method of design over the LMTD method which is: The NTU method does not rely on using an numerical iterative solution to find the outlet temperatures of the heat exchanger, which would be the case if...
  13. marciokoko

    Concentrated Solar Power Plant Design

    Hello, We are a solar energy solutions provider and we are looking to explore CSP plants at smaller scales. I would like to understand the design better. Basically a CSP consists of: 1) steam turbine 2) solar energy collectors (mirrors) 3) water container (boiler) I would like to...
  14. E

    Is it possible to design this?

    Hello, I wish to design the matrix P such that it satisfies the following: P^TQP=Q^T where all matrices are N-by-N. Is it possible? Thanks
  15. J

    Structural Design Philosophies?

    Good day! I don't know if they are called Structural design philosophy but, can anyone enumerate(if the list is incomplete) and differentiate the : 1. Ultimate Strength Design 2. Working Stress Design 3. Limit State Design 4. Allowable Stress Design 5. Others (If there are) Help...
  16. N

    Fractional Factorials (Statistics). Design Identification

    Homework Statement Anand, Bhadkamkar, and Moghe (1995) used a fractional factorial design to determine which of the six possible factors influenced the determination of manganese in cast iron. The six factors and their levels follow: A-Titration speed ; Medium...
  17. R

    Refrigeration Heat Exchanger Design (Evaporator and Condenser)

    Hi There Based on a Vapour compression refrigeration system: Does anyone out there know a good estimate or any real values for the total heat transfer area for the hot and cold sides of a domestic refrigeration system? i.e. the sum of the areas of the evaporator and the condenser. For the...
  18. R

    Agitator Choice: Impeller Design

    I've an impeller choice to make for a stirred tank reactor and would love some opinions. Essentially, I've a three level agitator as shown in the sketch I made. RPM is fixed (~85 rpm). My real choice is only what combination of the two impeller designs I choose. Would you go for a pitched...
  19. P

    Choosing Bridge Rectifiers: Can One Type Handle Both AC and DC?

    bridge rectifier design... Can I use the same bridge rectifier for AC as well for DC voltages? My AC mains is regular 265Vac and DC is 40Vdc. How should I choose bridge rectifier? (In other words, what are the parameters I need to check while selecting diodes for bridge rectifier?) Thank...
  20. S

    Design & Theory of Steam Platens for Rubber Curing Presses

    Hi all, I'm looking for design of steam platens for Rubber curing presses.The steam platens heat the green rubber article while curing.Other mediums such as oil,induction heating are also available,but I'm more interested in design of steam platens. There is one patent available in google...
  21. P

    Design experiment to determine bending strength and torsion of ruler

    hello everyone! so as the title suggest, i wonder if anyone would have any idea to design a simple experiment to determine the bending strength and torsion of a plastic ruler. it doesn't need to be extensive, as the value of the strenght itself isn't important. i just want to know e.g how...
  22. S

    What am I missing in this voltage regulator design?

    The above (top) design is one for a adjustable regulated voltage using an IC. The bottom schematic is the actual design of the IC regulator. My question is, am I missing an obvious way to derive the relationship for Vo? How does this design work, anyway? I figured it had something to do...
  23. R

    I Have A Real Life Design Problem on My Lake Marina

    Background: I own a lake marina that rents balls for house boats to tie up to on a permanent basis. The boats range in size and weight for 45' to 65' and weight from 2,000lbs to 15,000lbs. The balls are on a grid pattern 9 balls wide by 10 ball deep and 120' to 140' cabling between balls in all...
  24. S

    How to Design a Sound-Proof Box?

    I desire to build a box that is sound proof that would be only slightly larger then my head, which I could scream as loud as I possibly could, yet the outside world would barely be able to hear, or not be able to hear at all (as little as possible). I have almost no knowledge of physics (only an...
  25. A

    Design ultralow power, narrow band ADC

    Hi, I want to design an ADC with these specifications: Fin = 20MHz BW= 20MHz ENOB > 4 Power consumption P < 1mW Could anyone suggest me some ADC for this kind? I have searched a lot in IEEE but there are only two ADC with SAR ADC and time-interleaved ADC. The ultralow power consumption...
  26. A

    Assistance needed with Paraplegic Wheelchair Design

    I wanted to design a wheelchair that can move without the use of the arms. Instead I wanted to design a chair that can be controlled using a person's body weight, like a segway. Apart from using micro-sensors and computers like a segway does can anybody think of another way of designing a...
  27. mrspeedybob

    Stargazing Question about reflecting telescope design.

    Error in title. I meant refracting. At every transition between air and glass it seems to me like there would be some reflection. Each photon it seems would have a certain probability of entering a lens and reflecting off of both of the lenses interior surfaces and then continuing on into the...
  28. C

    End Plate Design For a Heat Exchanger

    I am currently in the process of designing an end-plate for a heat exchanger. I know I can do what I am about to ask with FEA, but that is not feasible right now. Here are the design parameters: Shell and tube HX, Max operating Temp=1100 F, 59 1" SS 304 Tubes, staggered pattern, 12" Shell OD...
  29. Monsterboy

    Design v/s Production/Manufacturing

    This is about mechanical engineering I was told that production/manufacturing engineers earn a lot less than Design engineers, is it true?
  30. H

    Design Analysis Needed: Tire Stand Stress Analysis

    Hello all, New here. Hopefully I'm following the guidelines by posting here. So, I am in need of some help in analyzing a stand that I am designing. It has an unusual arch in the middle supported by four members; together they make a tire stand. My tire is 40inches in width. And the stand...
  31. S

    Digital Design - decoders and multiplexer help

    Homework Statement Let f(x3; x2; x1; x0) = (y1; y0) such that y1 = 1 if the number of 1's in x3x2x1x0 is even, 0 otherwise, and, output y0 = 1 if the number of 1's in x3x2x1x0 is odd, 0 otherwise. 1. Implement f with four 2-to-4 decoders. 2. Implement f with a 4-to-1 multiplexer with selection...
  32. A

    Tutorials for coil design in Maxwell 3D

    Hello people, I am interested in tutorials about coil design for Maxwell 3D. If anyone have good material or knows where to find it, let me know. Regards,
  33. T

    Can we design vehicle for animal self powered?

    Greeting. This is my first thread in engineering zone. Pleased to meet you all As the topic said. I want to ask about how possible to make animal powered vehicle for animal Or simply said, can we create bicycle for animal? I just think that, Human walk is low efficient compare to bicycle...
  34. J

    How to Design a Gas Sampling Probe for Varying Exhaust Gas in a Brick Catalyst?

    I want to sample exhaust gas just behind a Catalyst. The problem being the gas varies across the area of the brick so a normal sample probe could read high or low. The general idea is to use a tube with holes in across the area of the brick, however I'm not sure what size to make the holes as...
  35. F

    Design Challenge: Need Help Solving Magnet Problem

    A mechanical design question, just wanted to pick your brains about a project I'm working on. I have a fixture that houses a magnet, when an operator loads a part with a screw the magnet jumps and a thru beam on the magnet detects that a screw is present. Without a screw (below) the magnet...
  36. I

    Design a Tuned RF Amplifier with Gain 100 for 720KHz

    Hey...I was trying to design a practical of mine...There is this question where I am supposed to design a tuned RF Amplifier with gain 100 for a frequency 720KHz with BJT. I know that I will get frequency with LC tank circuit but the gain is a different story. I have searched 5-6 books and am...
  37. A

    Deriving Actuator Force Equations for Scissor Lift Design

    Hi. I am currently working on a scissor lift design. I'm having some trouble deriving the equations for the actuator force for some reason. Think I'm getting blind on this ATM or something :P. Anyways if someone could help a bit id appreciate it. [I have derived equations I'm just not sure I...
  38. K

    Where Can I Find Electronic Design Courses in India?

    I am doing an undergraduate course in Electronics in India. My line of interest is in Electronic design. Can anyone kindly suggest me some part-time or full time courses in Electronic design and if possible the job potential too. Thanks in advance KRISHNA
  39. K

    Engineering A Career in Engineering Analysis vs Design

    I was hoping to get some perspective from practicing engineers on the difference of a career in design making stuff, or analysis ( performing FEA, CFD etc on designs). I am in a rotational program and have some flexiblity. I ask because it appears these are divergent choices and going down one...
  40. B

    Prerequisites for operating systems and compiler design

    What would be the prerequisites for an operating systems course or for a compiler course? I am well-versed in C programming and digital circuit design but have very little knowledge of computer architecture. Would I be recommended to go through a text on comp arch before starting a text on...
  41. B

    Mars One to be unveiling the design of their martian habitats

    I read on the Mars One website that Bas Lansdorp (the director of Mars One) will talk about the design of their Martian habitats during the ISDC conference in San Diego, California next Thursday: http://mars-one.com/en/mars-one-news/presentations-events They also expect to start building a...
  42. F

    Crystal Osc 30MHz Design or Purchase

    Hello experts…i am new in the RF field and i need some help… So i have a double balanced mixer (ZAD-6+ of Mini Circuits) that need +7dBm Local OsC power and 30MHz Loca.osc frequency. At the time i use signal generator for l.o How can i make a crystal oscillator with these parameters? Can...
  43. S

    Question about design active filter

    hi: i designed an active low-pass filter,but i don't know if it correct method or not i want fc=200 Hz and n(order)=4. i use this method: by let C=100 nF and use this equation "fc=1/(2*pi*C*R1)" i get R1= 8 Kohm,R2=R1 this is for one stage to get filter of 4 order,i repeat that...
  44. T

    Acoustic Resonance Chamber Design- Wine glass shattering

    Greetings PFers, I'm designing a demonstration unit for use in grade schools demonstrating the principle of resonance upon wine glasses (shattering them). I intend to put a wine glass into an acrylic chamber of some geometry, hand the student a microphone and see if they can generate the...
  45. marellasunny

    Design of 4 stroke IC engine from few parameters (bmep, B.P, piston speed)

    (I have trouble in finding the stroke length and fuel flow rate) From Heywood,E2.11 You are designing a 4 stroke CI to provide a brake power of 300kW,Naturally aspirated at its max rated speed.Based on typical values for brake mean eff.pressure(bmep){700kPa to 900kPa} and max mean piston...
  46. P

    Can you design digital multisim components?

    Hi guys, Just wondering if there Is a way in multisim to design your own components from scratch? basically starting with the input and output pins and you fill in the gate logic on the inside. Im designing an old school binary-BCD for 12 bits. I've got the theory all figured out, and I...
  47. F

    Determine the Spring Design given Spring Stiffness of 400 N/m

    I am trying to design a spring given the following measurements: Spring Stiffness is 400N/m or 295 ft lbs Outer Diameter of spring is 0.25 in Free Length is 3 cm or 1.18 in Load is max: 5lbs I am having trouble with: Calculating the Spring Diamter so as the spring is not over damped...
  48. J

    VAWT Airfoil Design: Learn How to Calculate Power Output

    hello folks, I am in mechanical stream & am working on a project of VAWT of power 300 watt. I found a link where i can calculate power output for different parameter. Here's the link: http://usvawt.com/cgi/windpower.cgi where i took height as 2m and width as 3m. Now need to design...
  49. S

    Design preperation for metal molding

    Hello everybody I have designed two small metal pieces (approx 30x30 mm) currently in 3D design that I now want to prepare for production by casting/molding. They are both intended for mass production hence price is a big concern, even the very small designchanges that may lead to reduction of...
  50. A

    Electric model Car design calculations help.

    Hello, I am needing help with some calculations for my project. I have to design an electric Car design and have to include some calculations. Given the maximum speed of the car is 2Meters per Second and the the mass of the car is 1.45kg: Calculate F And how do i calculate the torque at the...
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