What is Graph: Definition and 1000 Discussions

In graph theory, a planar graph is a graph that can be embedded in the plane, i.e., it can be drawn on the plane in such a way that its edges intersect only at their endpoints. In other words, it can be drawn in such a way that no edges cross each other. Such a drawing is called a plane graph or planar embedding of the graph. A plane graph can be defined as a planar graph with a mapping from every node to a point on a plane, and from every edge to a plane curve on that plane, such that the extreme points of each curve are the points mapped from its end nodes, and all curves are disjoint except on their extreme points.
Every graph that can be drawn on a plane can be drawn on the sphere as well, and vice versa, by means of stereographic projection.
Plane graphs can be encoded by combinatorial maps or rotation systems.
An equivalence class of topologically equivalent drawings on the sphere, usually with additional assumptions such as the absence of isthmuses, is called a planar map. Although a plane graph has an external or unbounded face, none of the faces of a planar map has a particular status.
Planar graphs generalize to graphs drawable on a surface of a given genus. In this terminology, planar graphs have genus 0, since the plane (and the sphere) are surfaces of genus 0. See "graph embedding" for other related topics.

View More On Wikipedia.org
  1. Motivanka

    Mechanics ( velocity - time graph )

    So I have problem with understanding graphs in kinematics. Right now I am solving one task and it goes like this : Solution : a) positive , because of positive slope of tangent b) negative c) at 3 and 5 d) a2=a6 > a3=a5 > a1=a4 Magnitudes of...
  2. toforfiltum

    Variation of Force-time graph for person opening parachute

    Homework Statement Homework Equations F∝v The Attempt at a Solution I chose C because I thought that at time T after opening the parachute, the resisting force on the diver will increase. But it is not so since the answer is B. Is it because the diver has reached terminal velocity? Even so...
  3. A

    Anyone got Graph for attenuation coefficient gold?

    Hello, does anyone have a graph for the attenuation coefficient of Gold (Au) (y-axis) with the respective types of interactions with photons of various energies usually from~10^-3 to 10^4 MV (x-axis) and where the incoherent, photoelectric, compton etc...interactions occur? Doing work on this...
  4. N

    Understanding Position-Time Graphs: Can They Determine Speed?

    Can the position-time graph tell you the speed? I thought it was ONLY velocity. Can you please give me an example when IT DOESN'T allow you to find the speed? Thanks so much in advance!
  5. Ketan Vadher

    Relation between acceleration and time

    I have a problem. As I was finding the torque for an engine. I have. I get a question about the relation of acceleration and time. How will be the graph of varying acceleration and time if acceleration decreases? Will it be a straight line with negative slope or any other shape?
  6. P

    Question on velocity changes in free fall

    Homework Statement Assume a ping pong of mass 3g is falling, and it has fallen 1m and is now traveling at 5 m/s. If the air resistance force is half its weight, how far will it travel in the next 0.1 seconds. [Hint: you may want to sketch a velocity-time graph) Homework Equations Understanding...
  7. T

    Distance vs displacement graph

    Homework Statement The V-S graph ( x-axis as S and y-axis as V)of a airplane on a runway is as follows: for 0-100 meters the velocity increases steadily in a straight line from 0-40 m/s. For the remaining 100 -200 meters, the velocity increases steadily from 40 -50m/s in a straight line...
  8. B

    Discrete Combinatorics and Graph Theory books

    Dear Physics Forum advisers, My recent study on number theory and cryptography got me really interested in the fields of combinatorics and graph theory. I am really interested in learning about them independently now since I will not be able to take the combinatorics course until next year...
  9. Ayesha Shafique

    Need some help: Reading a Velocity versus time graph

    Member warned about posting questions of substandard quality (no effort shown and image upside down). 1. At which points are velocity and acceleration the greatest?2. Please check the attachment to see the graph.3. I tried to solve it but i couldn't get to any conclusion.
  10. M

    Odd indentation near origin of graph (sometimes)

    from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D import matplotlib import numpy as np from matplotlib import cm from matplotlib import pyplot as plt import numpy as np import matplotlib.pylab as plt import math import random from scipy import integrate step = 0.1 maxval = 1.0 fig = plt.figure() ax =...
  11. moenste

    Acceleration-time graph: average distance and average force

    Homework Statement The acceleration-time graph above is drawn for a body which starts from rest and moves in a straight line. The body is of mass 10 kg. Use the graph to find: (a) the average distance traveled in 15 s, (b) the average force acting over the whole 15 s period. Answers: (a)...
  12. Arsenic&Lace

    Discrete Best books on algorithmic graph theory?

    I constantly find new algorithmic graph theory problems that I need to solve as I work in research. I've learned bits and pieces from google'ing and reinvented the wheel on numerous occasions but it would be nice to get a more standard background. Network science might be more applicable...
  13. J

    Springs experiment, with a graph of length against mass

    Homework Statement Say if I had a system with 3 springs on the left, 1 spring in the middle, and another 3 springs on the right. I add masses to the central spring and calculate the extension. After all my measurements, I plot a graph of spring against mass. If I then repeat the experiment...
  14. Aristotle

    How do I go from an Electric Field graph to Charge Density?

    Homework Statement Homework Equations E= kq/(r^2), E*dA = Q/e0 The Attempt at a Solution Typically I understand how to interpret basic graphs such as going for V (potential) vs x graph to Electric field vs x graph by finding the slope of V since E= -grad V...and from their it's basic...
  15. mooncrater

    Chemistry Partial pressure vs mole fraction graph

    Homework Statement There is a statement in a book : " Graph of P vs ##\chi## is a straight line which ##cannot## pass through origin" Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution But if mole fraction of a component is zero then it can't form vapours because of which its partial pressure will be...
  16. R

    Is it possible to label the Debye temperature on a graph of

    Resistivity. Take this graph for example, is the Debye temperature relavant here? Would the Debye temperature be the point where the semiconductor starts to become like a metal? i.e. where the curve goes from minimum to linear? I understand the heat capacity relation i.e. from T^3 to 3nNk but...
  17. Q

    I have this real graphic from a tensile test

    Homework Statement How can I calculate the ultimate stress? (I refere to the stress that it's in the green rectangle). I have a real graphic, I have two deformations, (it was 2 test, from the same material) and only one stress. The orange curve is Stress versus unit deformation 1, and the gray...
  18. D

    Area under force vs displacement graph :D?

    Homework Statement Find K at 4m, besides the F.s graph they also give me Kinitial = 2J Homework Equations W=F.d and W=Kf- Ki The Attempt at a Solution The first thing I did was to find the area under the graph. 1/2(4)(2)=4J W=F.d so that's my work. Then I replaced that 4J into the other eq...
  19. CAH

    Does integration give area between graph and x axis?

    Does integrating find the area between the curve and x-axis (regarless of it being a smile/frown or any other graph)? I've heard people say its the area UNDER a curve... but then how would you even get a definit answer surely it may be infinite if there's no restrictions? Thanks
  20. M

    Graphing Oscillating Objects: Can You Find the Spring Constant?

    How could you graph a potential energy vs. time graph only knowing the position vs. time graph and the velocity vs time graph for a hanging object oscillating up and down on a string?
  21. Alexander1

    MHB Finding the intersection points on the graph y=sinx, y=cosx and y=tanx

    Hi guys, I'm new to this site and it seems like it will be a great resource when I'm stuck on a problem. I'll firstly set out the question and then add in my working so far. Question: I was firstly asked to graph the trigonometric functions y=sinx, y=cosx and y=tanx in the interval where x is...
  22. R

    Can Any Finite Graph Have Vertices with Unique Edge Counts?

    Homework Statement Show that any finite graph contains two vertices lying on the same number of edges. Homework Equations None The Attempt at a Solution I am confused how my book proved this. Let G be a graph with n vertices ##v_1, ..., v_n.## Place ##v_i## in a pigeonhole labelled...
  23. goonking

    Graph of a particle's position

    Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution the particle is oscillating so we know at 1.5 seconds, it is at the equilibrium point , where speed is highest. (the speeds are 0 at the highest and lowest points of the graph.) we see that it goes from -6m to 6m, which is 12...
  24. H

    Introduction to Graph Theory Book

    Helo everybody, I have buy Introduction to Graph Theory (Dover Books on Mathematics) Book from amazon... Is this book really good? See the pic : https://www.amazon.com/dp/B004TBOGPG/?tag=pfamazon01-20 http://flgopics.science/10/o.png
  25. I

    First order RC: Find Unknown DC Circuit, given current graph

    Homework Statement Homework Equations [/B] Tao = R(th) C The Attempt at a Solution The unknown DC circuit model consists of a V(th) and R(th) Tao = (R(th) + 3000) C , total resistance of circuit is R(th) + 3000 0.004 = (R(th) + 3000) (1x10^-6) R(th) = 1 kOhm The V(th) should oppose the...
  26. T

    Simple Harmonic Motion with Damping and Driving

    Hello, I was asked by my professor today to graph the motion, as well as the energies, of a spring that undergoes driven and/or damped oscillation; however, I was unable to because I do not have a very good idea of how they work. Can someone explain to me, qualitatively, what it means to have a...
  27. C

    Complex number inequality graph

    Homework Statement How would Re(z)<0 be graphed? Homework Equations Re(z) is the real part of z The Attempt at a Solution It looks similar to y>x, but only shaded in the third quadrant, how can this be explained? not relevant anymore
  28. S

    How Do Velocity and Acceleration Change Under Unbalanced Forces?

    1. problem Two forces, F1 and F2(t), act on a mass m = 1.0 kg. Force 1 F1 is to the left in the negative x-direction and force F2(t) is to the right in the positive x-direction. F1 is constant with a magnitude of 1.0 N whereas F2(t) has a magnitude of 2.0 N for the time interval 0.0 s ≤ t ≤ 5.0...
  29. Saitama

    C/C++ Graph Implementation using STL C++

    I am trying to implement a graph and perform BFS on it in C++. Following is the code I have written so far: #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <list> #include <queue> using namespace std; const int V=5; vector<list<int> > a(V); int BFS(int s) { int visited[V]={0}...
  30. goonking

    What is the formula for finding angular velocity from a graph?

    Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution the displacement should be the area under the line , it was traveling backwards for 3 seconds, then it would take an additional 3 seconds to get back to the starting position. From there, the wheel rotates forward for 4 more...
  31. T

    What is the equivalence point on this graph?

    I am attempting to do a lab that requires the determination of an unknown diprotic acid using a titration curve. I have graphed my data but I am unsure what point to use as my eq. point. In my lab manual it says I may use the second or first eq. point but the second is often clearer. I am not...
  32. Stasis

    Velocity from force/time graph

    Hey all, I've been attempting this all week and can't get my head around what the proper way to calculate the answers for this query is so... 1. Homework Statement The force shown in the force-time diagram acts on a 3.4 kg object. (a) Find the impulse of the force. (b) Find the final...
  33. C

    Intervals of increase and decrease

    Homework Statement Find the intervals of increase/decrease. Use first derivative test to find the local maxima and minima. Sketch a rough graph. Homework Equations a) f(x) = 2x2+12x-1 b) f(x) = 1/2x4-2x2 c) f(x) = 3x-4 sqrt 2 d) f(x) = x2-1/x2+1 The Attempt at a Solution A) it becomes f...
  34. Spinnor

    Graph sol. of Dirac eq., type "graph paper" needed?

    What type of "graph paper" do I need to graph an arbitrary solution, Ψ, of the Dirac equation in 3+1 dimensional spacetime? Assume the "graph paper" has the minimum dimensions required to do the job. Would this work? At each point of spacetime we need a complex plane which takes care of the...
  35. M

    MHB Level Surfaces & Intersection of a Graph: Exploring $f(x,y,z) = x^2+y^2$

    Hey! :o Draw or describe the level surface and an intersection of the graph for the function $$f: \mathbb{R}^3 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}, (x, y, z) \rightarrow x^2+y^2$$ I have done the following: The level surfaces are defined by $$\{(x, y, z) \mid x^2+y^2=c\}$$ - For $c=0$ we have that...
  36. Suraj M

    How Do You Calculate Maximum Speed from a Non-Constant Acceleration Time Graph?

    Homework Statement A particle starts from rest. Its acceleration vs time graph is as shown. What will be the maximum speed? Homework Equations usual kinematic equations(3+) The Attempt at a Solution velocity at t=11 seconds should be max, so the area under the given graph = change in velocity...
  37. S

    Please help me finding this centroid of a graph. Thank you.

    Homework Statement Find the x-coordinate of the centroid of the region bounded by the graphs of Homework Equations y= 5/(√(25-x2)) The Attempt at a Solution I stuck at finding Mx
  38. S

    Graph (regular) Isomorphism in n^(O(log2(n))) .

    I am trying to construct an algorithm which is combinatorial in nature. I have shared a link- https://www.academia.edu/11354697/Graph_regular_Isomorphism_in_n_O_log2_n_ which depicts the idea simply using an example. I claim (if it is correct) n^(O(log2(n))) time complexity. happy to have...
  39. T

    Questions about the error in the slope of a graph

    Homework Statement I am doing a lab report and I have to find the slope of a graph as well as the max and min lines of the graph. I also have to find the error in the slope. I have calculated the slope. My first problem is in calculating the error lines. My teacher said i must find the slope...
  40. M

    Graph Scale Confusion: Estimating Values from Plots

    Hello, I have to estimate some values from a plot (shown in the attachment). The trouble is I'm not sure how to read one of the scales could someone please explain the nature of the scale along the top frame, the angular scale, i.e how it is spaced. One of my aims is to estimate which angle...
  41. S

    What is the velocity of a 5.46 kg object after 6 seconds?

    Homework Statement 5.46 kg object moves along the x-axis. It is starting from rest. What is the velocity at 6 seconds? Homework Equations F=ma a=f/m The Attempt at a Solution x=5.46(v/6)[/B]
  42. P

    Instantaneous Acceleration from a Velocity-Time graph

    Homework Statement A test driver is testing a new model car with a speedometer calibrated to read m/s rather than mi/h. The following series of speedometer readings were obtained during a test run along a long, straight road: Time (s): 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Speed (m/s): 0 0 2 6 10 16 19 22...
  43. F

    Choose the correct snapshot graph longitudinal waves

    Homework Statement http://i.imgur.com/4dL6TQY.jpg I don't know how to read the figure or the graphs. O_O
  44. jake jungle

    Find velocity using Force -time graph

    Homework Statement The variation of the force F with the time t acting on a body of mass 200g is as shown in the graph below Given that the velocity of the body at t=75ms is 15m/s . What is the velocity of the body at t=150ms A.15m/s B.30m/s C.35m/s D.39m/s Homework Equations F = m Δv/Δt The...
  45. M

    MHB Area of graph where have i gone wrong

    I have been asked to finding the area of the graph of the function F(x)=(3x-\pi)\cos\frac{1}{2}x between x=-\pi and x=\pi using integration by parts to integrate the function I get \int 2(3x-\pi)(\sin\frac{1}{2}\pi)+12\cos\frac{x}{2} when I work out the integral for x=\pi and x =-\pi I get...
  46. henil

    Plotting Graphs in Excel | Functions of x and y

    Mod note:Combined two posts into one. 1. Homework Statement f(g,h) such that g is a function of x and h is a function of y then how can i plot a graph in exccel Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution
  47. M

    MHB Graphs with N Nodes: Proving Cliques and Anti-Cliques

    Hey! :o Let $G$ be a graph. A clique in $G$ is a subgraph in which every two nodes are connected by an edge. An anti-clique, also called an independent set, is a subgraph in which every two nodes are not connected by an edge. Show that every graph with $n$ nodes contains either a clique or an...
  48. SrVishi

    Discrete Combinatorics and Graph Theory- Harris, Hurst, Mossinghoff

    Hello, I am a student interested in pure mathematics, and am considering giving this book a try. I was wondering what you all think if this book as I have it in my possession. Is it good? If not, is there any very rigorous (I can handle Rudin Analysis rigor) discrete textbook, like one that...
  49. C

    How to Sketch a v-t Graph from a p-t Graph Using Tangents?

    Hi! I'm having troubles drawing a velocity-time graph from a position-time graph. I know parabolic p-t graphs have diagonal lines for their v-t graphs, but I'm not sure why. I also know tangents are important to use, but again, I don't understand why. Any clarification as to why this happens (in...
  50. N

    Solving a Quadratic Equation: Finding the Minimum

    Homework Statement The Attempt at a Solution Looks like the graph would be a parabola? And since it's a>0 it would be upward and therefore a minimum. Not sure what that would be. Unsure how to solve the rest[/B]
Back
Top