What is Multivariable: Definition and 536 Discussions

Multivariable calculus (also known as multivariate calculus) is the extension of calculus in one variable to calculus with functions of several variables: the differentiation and integration of functions involving several variables, rather than just one.

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  1. QuarkCharmer

    Good Multivariable Calc text?

    I'm taking multi-var calculus next semester and I found out that we are using this terrible excuse for a book: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0470131586/?tag=pfamazon01-20 Anyway, I have been studying ahead using my huge copy of Stuart, which my university uses for Calc I and II. I asked my...
  2. S

    3rd order, multivariable taylor series

    Homework Statement Hello all, I have been working on a 3rd order taylor series, but the formula I have does not seem to get me the right answer. The formula I was given is for a taylor polynomial about point (a,b) is: P_3=f(a,b) +\left( f_{1}(a,b)x+f_{2}(a,b)y\right)...
  3. M

    Simple multivariable problem w/ ellipse

    Homework Statement If u=x^3 + 3xy + y^3, determine du/dx on the ellipse 2x^2+3y^2=1 2. The attempt at a solution Imagine I just use partial derivative somehow, but I'm not sure what the question is asking by on the ellipse. I have a feeling its just something simple that I'm...
  4. K

    Multivariable change of variable.

    Hi there. In the multivariate case it is proven that if X~Nm(U, S) and Y = a + CX where C is an invertible n x n matrix, and S is the covariance matrix then: Y ~ Nm(a + CU, CSC') I am trying to apply this proof to a similar problem. If we have X1...Xk with Xi ~ Nm(Ui, Si) where i = 1...k...
  5. S

    Extremizing multivariable functions

    Homework Statement Find extreme values for f(x, y, z)=x+y+z subject to: x^4+y^4+z^4=c>0 Therefore, since c>0, exclude the origin. Let L(x, y, z, \lambda{)}=x+y+z+\lambda{(}x^4+y^4+z^4-c) and thus L_1(x, y, z, \lambda{)}=1+4x^3\lambda L_2(x, y, z, \lambda{)}=1+4y^3\lambda L_3(x, y...
  6. T

    How to Use Chain Rule to Find Second Derivative of Multivariable Functions?

    Suppose I have F(x,y) and y=y(t) and x=x(t) Therefore, Ft = Fx*xt + Fy*yt. Right? Can I write Ftt = (Fxx*xt + Fyy*yt)*xt + Fx*xtt + (Fxx*xt + Fyy*yt)*yt + Fy*ytt ? Basically I'm trying to figure out the second derivative by chain rule.
  7. P

    Implicit Differentiation (for a normal derivative) with Multivariable Functions

    Homework Statement z^{3}x+z-2y-1=0 xz+y-x^{2}+5=0 Define z as a function of x, find z'. Homework Equations I guess the two equations above... The Attempt at a Solution Well, I just differentiated the first one with respect to x and got: 3z^{2}xz'+z^{3}3+1=0 z' = \frac{-1-z^{3}{3z^{2}x}...
  8. B

    Multivariable Calc. Question

    Hi, I've been working on this problem for a few days and I'm pretty stuck. I'm working on how much area is eclipsed by some arbitrary planet by another over a given time. My question is if I have two circles one given by (y-100)^2+x^2 = 100^2 and the other given by (y+100)^2+x^2 = 100^2...
  9. D

    Proof of Multivariable chain rule

    I was wondering how to prove the multivariable chain rule \frac{\mbox{d}z}{\mbox{d}t}=\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\frac{\mbox{d}y}{\mbox{d}t}+\frac{\partial z}{\partial x}\frac{\mbox{d}x}{\mbox{d}t} where z=z(x(t),y(t)) I don't really need an extremely rigorous proof, but a slightly...
  10. B

    Solving a Recursive Multivariable Equation

    I am looking for a solution to a multivariable recursive formula as follows: Define: Initial Conditions: a(1,0)=-3, a(2,0)=2, a(n,0)=0 for n≠1,2 Recursive Formula: a(n,k)=(4n+1)a(n,k-1)-4a(n-1,k-1) Find a formula in terms of n and k for a(n,k). This is my first post and so I...
  11. S

    Global max/min (multivariable)

    Homework Statement Find the global maximum and global minimum of f(x, y)=x^3+y^2 in the half disk x^2+y^2\leq{1}, y\geq{0} This is a rather new topic for me, so I am looking for clarification for problems such as these. The Attempt at a Solution First, I determined the critical points of the...
  12. K

    Finding the critical points of a multivariable function

    Homework Statement \ Find the critical points of the function. Then use the Second Derivative Test to classify each critical point (or state that the test fails). f(x, y) = x3 + y4 - 21x - 18y2 The Attempt at a Solution partial x derivative=3x^2-21=0 partial y= 4y^3-36y=0...
  13. E

    Multivariable calculus question

    I have a scalar function f dependent on a few variables $x_i$, and I would like to change variables, so that y_i = \sum_j {M_{ij} x_j}, where M is an invertible matrix independent of the x_i-s, and compute: \frac{\partial f}{\partial x_i} = \frac{\partial f}{\partial \left( \sum_j...
  14. QuarkCharmer

    Multivariable Calc topics required for ODE?

    My school requires Calculus III before DEQ, though I had the department allow me to take the two concurrently. I am wondering what Calc III topics I should be fluent into prepare for Differential Equations. I'm sure this university teaches DEQ with an understood previous knowledge in...
  15. B

    Partial derivative of a multivariable integral?

    Homework Statement Stumped. Integral: f(x,y) = ∫ (from 1 to xy) of e^(t^2)dt find both fx and fy The Attempt at a Solution I've come up with: fx(x,y) = ∂/∂x ∫ (from 1 to xy) of e^(t^2)dt Not sure where to go... possibly take the integral, the take the partial derivative? I...
  16. E

    Multivariable: Area of region bounded by a spiral equation

    Homework Statement This is an example taken from the textbook lesson and there's one part I don't understand: Find the area of the region bounded above by the spiral r = pi/(3θ) and below by the polar axis, between r = 1 and r = 2. SOLUTION: Double integral of r(dθ)(dr) with boundaries...
  17. D

    Calculating Critical points for multivariable functions.

    I am asked to find all local maximum and minimum points for the function, f(x,y) = (1+xy)(x+y) so, naturally, I had to find the critical points. However, in the back of my book (Calculus Early Transcendentals 6E, James Stewart) the only critical points are (1,-1) (-1,1) (both of which are...
  18. F

    Kirchhoff's rule and multivariable algebra

    I'm working on some voltage/current physics problems and I think I understand the concepts however I believe the algebra is holding me back(not my strong point). Could someone make some suggestions how I could solve for at least one of these variables by using a combination of theses three...
  19. P

    Determining Limits for Multivariable Functions

    Homework Statement \lim_{\substack{x\rightarrow 2\\y\rightarrow 2}} f(x,y)=\frac{2x^2+2xy+2x-xy^2-y^3-y^2}{2x^3-2x^2y+2x-x^2y^2+xy^3-y^2} Homework Equations N/A The Attempt at a Solution Well, I tried using the line y = 2, and let x approach 2 (as well as making x=2 and let y...
  20. T

    Finding Angles Between Horizontal Planes and Multivariable Functions

    Homework Statement Suppose a mountain is described by the function z = 10x^2 * y − 5x^2 − 4y^2 − x^4 − 2y^4 and that you are standing at the point (1,1,−2). The positive x-axis points east and the positive y- axis points north. If you walk in the northeast direction what angle above the...
  21. T

    Multivariable Indefinite Limits

    Homework Statement Evaluate the following limits or determine that the limit does not exist. b) lim (x,y)–>(0,0) (1+xy)^(1/xy) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I have a funny feeling this limit might exist. (Then again I get that feeling about every indefinite...
  22. A

    2 multivariable limit questions.

    Homework Statement Hello, I need help on the following questions, mainly to make sure i did them right. for both, lim (x,y) -> (0,0) 1) http://www4d.wolframalpha.com/Calculate/MSP/MSP3619hd2e84h398acc80000110c0eac25d415ha?MSPStoreType=image/gif&s=57&w=72&h=44 2)...
  23. K

    Multivariable limit evaluation

    Homework Statement lim (x,y) --> (0,0) [sin(2x) -2x + y]/[x^3+y] Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution so I tried approaching from the x-axis and I got y=0 lim x-> 0 [sin(2x) -x + 0]/[x^3 + 0] which gives me 0/0 and from the y axis y=0 lim y ->0 which gives...
  24. A

    Calculators Trouble with multivariable limits of integration on Ti89

    Hello, I'm currently trying to get my Ti-89 Titanium to compute the following triple integral; f(x,y,z) = xy(1-z) where 0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0<z<1, and x+y+z<1 int(int(int(f(x,y,z),x,0,1-y-z),y,0,1-z),x,0,1) The problem is that I can't get my Ti89 to substitute in for the limits of...
  25. Y

    Solving Multivariable Limit: x^2y^2/(x^3+y^3)

    Homework Statement Find the limit of \lim_{(x,y)\rightarrow (0,0)}\frac{x^2y^2}{x^3+y^3} Homework Equations I'd like to solve this in a rather elementary manner, so preferably only using the squeeze theorem or through proving the limit doesn't exist via multiple path approach. The...
  26. S

    Multivariable Calculus proof

    I need to show that limit (|x|^a*|y|^b) / (|x|^c+|y|^d) = 0 (x,y)->(0,0) when a,b>=0; c,d>0; with a/c + b/d > 1 Does anyone have some tips for starting off the proof?
  27. S

    Trouble Graphing Multivariable Functions

    So the function I'm working with is: f(x,y) = 1/sqrt(1-x^2-4y^2) First, they want me to find the Domain and Range, which I found to be: D: x^2 + 4y^2 < 1 R: (0,1] Then they want me to sketch level curves and cross sections, then sketch f(x,y) I'm having trouble with the sketching, I...
  28. S

    What are the steps to solving this multivariable calculus proof?

    Let a; b and c be any three vectors in R3 with a =6 0. Show that b = c if and only if a dot b = a dot c and a cross b = a cross c
  29. C

    Good Multivariable Calculus reference text

    What is a good, solid reference text for multivariable calculus? Ideally something you'd get by following on from Spivak's Calculus into 2/3d/Vectors etc. I've already done the course, but it's sort of slipping my mind these days - I've mostly been doing chemistry subjects, and they're not...
  30. A

    Partial Derivate of multivariable cos

    Homework Statement Partial derivative of R = vt cos x with respect to t Homework Equations NA The Attempt at a Solution Keeping the other variables constant, I get 'v cos x'. (t is 1) I just want to check this, because it's part of a larger problem and I feel my answer is way...
  31. W

    Multivariable Cal, (Polar Coordinates)

    Homework Statement Evaluate by changining to polar coordinates : #19 in this picture http://i52.tinypic.com/2ngbt5z.jpg Homework Equations x = cos θ y = sin θ r^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 ∫∫∫w f(x,y) dxdy = ∫from θ1 to θ2 ∫from r1 to r2 f(cosθ, sinθ) (r dr dθ)The Attempt at a Solution The first...
  32. W

    Multivariable Cal, (Polar Coordinates)

    Homework Statement Evaluate by changining to polar coordinates : #19 in this picture http://i52.tinypic.com/2ngbt5z.jpg Homework Equations x = cos θ y = sin θ z = z r^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 ∫∫∫w f(x,y) dxdy = ∫from θ1 to θ2 ∫from r1 to r2 f(cosθ, sinθ, z) (r* dr dθ)The Attempt at a Solution The...
  33. W

    Multivariable calculus, Integral using spherical coordinates

    Homework Statement Using spherical coordinates, set up but DO NOT EVALUATE the triple integral of f(x,y,z) = x(x^2+y^2+z^2)^(-3/2) over the ball x^2 + y^2 + z^2 ≤ 16 where 2 ≤ z. Homework Equations x = ρ sin ϕ cos θ y = ρ sin ϕ sin θ z = ρ cos ϕ ρ^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 ∫∫∫w...
  34. A

    Finding Critical Points of a multivariable function

    Homework Statement I'm supposed to find (and classify, which I'm really not sure what that means) critical points of f(x,y) = x2y- x2 - 2y2 - 2x4 - 3y4 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I found the partial derivatives, fx(x,y) = 2xy - 2x - 8x3 and fy(x,y) = x2 - 4y -...
  35. P

    How to find limit of multivariable function?

    Homework Statement Hi. I'm going to provide two homework examples. The first one I got correctly. But the second one, I used the same method as the first question but I got the answer incorrect. I'm really confused. The first question was \lim_{(x,y)\to(0,0)}\frac{(xycosy)}{3x^2+y^2}...
  36. S

    Multivariable Calculus Texts - Spivak Reviewed

    what is a good multi variable calculus text i have just finished reading spivak's calculus thanks
  37. K

    Multivariable Calculus unit derivatives question

    Homework Statement The position on the ground in the xy plane that is hit by the sun given by (x,y)=(3t+tan(phi), -2t+tan(theta)), where t, phi, and theta, are controlled input variables. What is the velocity of the hit point if the input variables are at values (5, pi/4, pi/3) and changing...
  38. M

    Multivariable Integration / Nonlinear Differentials

    Homework Statement dv/dt = (k+v2)/h Homework Equations k is a constant, and v and h are variables where h is independent of v but v is dependent of h (v is a function of h and t). The Attempt at a Solution dv/(k+v^2) = dt/h. The problem I have is with dealing with the right side...
  39. C

    Multivariable Calculus/Calculus & Geometry textbook suggestions

    Hello all, I am currently in University and I am retaking a course that I dropped last year due to the fact that there was no textbook and the time I spent in the course was a frantic scramble for reliable information and attempting to understand what the professor was teaching. I have looked...
  40. M

    Multivariable Calculus Maple Help

    1. I am working on an assignment in maple for my Calc 3 class. It seems really simple, but I have no experience using Maple. Any help would be very much appreciated. PART 1: 3D – VECTORS IN MAPLE 1. Let u= i + 2j. Define a vector v. Draw the two vectors in a Maple graph. 2. Use Maple to compute...
  41. I

    How do I find the critical points of this multivariable function?

    Homework Statement The function is defined in the xy-plane. Find all critical points and determine their characteristics. Homework Equations f(x, y) = x4 + 4xy + y4 The Attempt at a Solution I tried finding the partial derivatives. f'x = 4x3 - 4y f'y = 4y3 - 4x Setting them to 0...
  42. S

    Proof of Multivariable Chain Rule in higher dimensions

    Homework Statement Let \textbf{F}: \textbf{R}^m \rightarrow \textbf{R}^n and \textbf{G}: \textbf{R}^p \rightarrow \textbf{R}^m Prove that ({\textbf{F} \circ \textbf{G}})'(x) = {\textbf{F}}'(\textbf{G}(\textbf{x})) {\textbf{G}}'(\textbf{x}) Homework Equations Assume the single...
  43. D

    Advice: TA for Multivariable or Linear

    Hi everyone, I am interested in applying to be a teaching assistant in my university's multivariable calculus class or linear algebra class. I took both of these courses already and seem to like them equally well. I will have solid recommendations and grades. Any recommendations on which...
  44. P

    Multivariable Calculus: f(x,y) and g(t) Functions and their Images

    Homework Statement Define f : R2 -> R by f (x, y) = x²y x4+y2 (x, y) ≠ (0, 0) 0 (x, y) = (0, 0). (i)What value does f (x, y) take on the coordinate axes? (ii) Define g : R -> R2 by g(t) = ( t ) ( kt ) k is an arbitrary nonzero constant...
  45. P

    Multivariable Calculus Question #2

    Define f : R2 -> R3 as f (x, y) = ( xy ) ( y+x2) ( 1 ) Let p = (0, 1)T and h = (δ,ε)T (i) Evaluate f (p) and f (p + h) (ii) Calculate the Jacobian matrix Df and evaluate Df (p) (iii) Calculate the first order approximation to f (p + h), namely f (p) + Df (p)h. Show that...
  46. P

    Multivariable Calculus: Functions and Limits in R2 and R3

    Define f : R2 -> R by f (x, y) = x²y x4+y2 (x, y) ≠ (0, 0) 0 (x, y) = (0, 0). (i)What value does f (x, y) take on the coordinate axes? (ii) Define g : R -> R2 by g(t) = ( t ) ( kt ) k is an arbitrary nonzero...
  47. I

    Multivariable maximum/minimum problem

    Homework Statement The function is f(x,y) = xy + x + y. The region R is defined as all the points lying inside x^2 + y^2 < 8. The problem asks us to find all the points in the region R where f may have a minimum or a maximum. Homework Equations Partial derivatives etc The Attempt at...
  48. A

    Limit of ((x^3 + (4x^2)y)/(x^2+2y^2)) as (x,y)->(0,0)

    Homework Statement Find the limit of ((x^3 + (4x^2)y)/(x^2+2y^2)) as (x,y) -> (0,0) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I am guessing the limit is equal to 0, and I know I have to use 0 < sqrt(x^2 + y^2) < delta where |f(x,y) - L| < epsilon I just have no idea what to do next I...
  49. C

    Complex Derivative and Real Multivariable Derivative

    Hi! I'm studying complex analysis and I don't quite understand why the complex derivative was defined the way it is, and how it is related to the definition of the derivative of a real multivariable function.
  50. S

    Solving Multivariable Limits: Evaluating $\lim_{(x,y) \to (0,0)}\frac{x-y}{x+y}$

    Homework Statement Evaluate the following limit or give a reason explaining why the limit does not exist. \lim_{(x,y) \to (0,0)}\frac{x-y}{x+y} Homework Equations x = r*\cos\theta y = r*\sin\theta The Attempt at a Solution \lim_{r \to...
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