What is Pump: Definition and 653 Discussions

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

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  1. J

    Power Consumption of a Pump: Solve at 500kPa, 60m3/h, 80% Efficiency

    Homework Statement Determine the power consumed by a pump when it is pumping a fluid of density 1,200kg/m^-3 60m3/h at 500kPa with an 80% overall efficiency. Homework Equations I believe it to be: P = q_m ρ g h_p The Attempt at a Solution Stuck at the above part, I don't have enough info?
  2. S

    Understanding Forces and Accelerations with respect to pump systems

    I am familiar with the idea of pump head and system pressure losses, pump curves etc. However, a friend was asking about the relationship between static pressure, force and acceleration. For example, if the pump supplies a certain pressure (P) at a given flow rate, is there not a force...
  3. K

    Linear force of a syringe pump plunger

    Hi all, I am looking for the correct calculation of the torque (or linear force) that is needed on a syringe plunger to overcome a backpressure at the nozzle of 20,000 psi. I have to decide which syringe pump I will be using for my application, but their is a lot of choice and mainly I need...
  4. P

    Pump Transfer solutions for residual bulk removal in transfer line

    QUERY/PROBLEM(refer to the attached file) Bulk is transferred from location A to B using a centrifugal pump. At the end of operation(when there is no bulk at the pump suction), bulk remaining in the discharge line(marked by Red) causes problem for the next batch(As next batch is of different...
  5. P

    Time Reduction for Batch transfer by using a pump

    Refer to the attached image Overview The feed to V12 comes from distillation unit, where batch production rate is 16 Ton/day and at 220 degC. At first it is cooled to 160 degC in V12. Now this bulk is transferred from V12 to V18 using N2 gas pressure. All the transfer lines are jacketed...
  6. M

    Calculate the velocity on which the pump will fill

    Homework Statement A water pump of 1 kilowatt of potency supplies a water-box located 5m above of the water-box where the pump is located. Calculate the velocity on which the pump will fill the water-box. NOTE: Sorry for the bad English. Homework Equations potency = work/time work= mass...
  7. M

    Characteristic Curve of a Centrifugal Pump

    Homework Statement The pump characteristic curve of a centrifugal pump can be plotted from the following details: (See attachment) The pump delivers 90 L/s when pumping against a static head of 12 m. Plot the pump characteristic curve from the details given and calculate: 1. The...
  8. I

    Achieving bigger popcorn through vacuum pump

    I'm tutoring a high-school level student where one of the questions is asking why fitting a vacuum pump to a popcorn maker would cause the popped kernels to get bigger. For those unfamiliar with popcorn :), it's modeled as a sealed hulled with starch and moisture inside. Heat causes the moisture...
  9. B

    Geothermal heat pump or heat engine power requirements

    Homework Statement In winter, you like to keep your house interior at 21.0 degrees C. Your geothermal heating system, which was advertised as being reversible, draws thermal energy from an underground reservoir at 347 K. In a cold winter, with the average outdoor temperature being 0.0...
  10. T

    Heat pump supply and return temperatures

    A building is to be heated by radiators using an air-water heat pump. While radiators are not the ideal choice, it's beyond my decision making. Naturally I want the supply temp. to be as high as possible, hoping for 55°C in order to keep the physical size of the radiators to a minimum. As low...
  11. T

    Heat Pump COP: Air-to-Water Explained

    The COP of a heat pump can be expressed as COP_{heating}=\frac{T_{hot}}{T_{hot}-{T_{cold}}} As higher is better, the value of this can be improved by reducing the temperature gap at which the system works. I'm just a little unsure about which temperatures are being talked about. The heat pump...
  12. J

    A simple pump driven by buoyancy

    I'm a bit lost getting started analyzing the following system, a pump of sorts: http://i.imgur.com/P82vtZ1.png It consists of a vertically-orientated tube submerged in water with heating elements around the middle. Heat energy goes in, causing a temperature difference which drives a...
  13. C

    Efficiency of air powered water pump

    Hi, I'm thinking of a water pump with only the valves as moving parts - the compressed air simply displaces water from a cylinder. I understand it's a solution for where it's easier to deliver compressed air than electricity to the pump site. My question is: where are the energy losses in...
  14. M

    Saving Electrical Energy with a Heat Pump: 75%

    Homework Statement The electrical energy supplied to a heater can be turned with 100% efficiency into thermal energy (room heating).Assume you use a heat pump with a COP of 4 instead to reach the same temperature increase in the room.How much electrical energy will you save ? Homework...
  15. C

    Misc. DIY Reverse Heat Pump: Cool a Room with Refrigerant

    I don't know much about the subject, besides some diagrams and youtube vids, so please bear with me. I'm trying to make a reverse heat pump to cool a small room. If I had a heat reservoir (in a box within the same room) that could increase the temperature/pressure of a refrigerant and then...
  16. A

    Mechanical Pump Hose and Hose Fittings for high-vacuum

    Hi, I am trying to create a high-vacuum system using a diffusion pump and a mechanical roughing pump. I need to replace my mech. pump's rubber hose with something that will not leak into the vacuum. Any suggestions on what hose and hose fitting would work best to weld permanently to my base...
  17. S

    How Much Work Does a Water Pump Do to Raise Water from a Well?

    Homework Statement Water is pumped from a well at 800kg/minute. The well is 14.0 meters deep. By the time the water reaches the top of the well, it is traveling at 18.0m/s. How much work is done on the water by the pump? Homework Equations ƩFy = F - m*g = m*a W = F*y a = vf/t...
  18. K

    Max Flow Rate of HTA100H-304 Air Pump for Pipe Systems: 0.19 kg/s

    Hi all, i have to use an air pump to create a flow rate in a pipe system. My pump model is hta100h-304 which i have attach the spec below. From actual air delivery data(871.2lpm@10 kg/cm2G,762.3lpm@12kg/cm2G), i try to convert to mass flow rate unit and it is around 0.19 kg/s. Is this mean...
  19. B

    How to calculate a centrifugal pump for a jet boat.

    I am building a jet boat as a project this year. I am going construct the impeller my self but don't know what dimensions I need to make it to get the most out of the engines without over loading them. Here's what I have to work with: The power source is going to be approximately 90 hp at...
  20. M

    Help with pump motor control circuit from ArduPilot Mega 2.5

    Hi. I'm currently trying to build a circuit in order to control a small pump motor from an ardupilot mega 2.5 microcontroller. The pump is rated at 12 v and 3.6 w but I only need to give it about 9 v for operation. I'm using a basic supply of 9 v battery or 2 in series to give the power...
  21. P

    How to develop a RAM Pump with a 300m delivery head?

    Hey there, I was just wondering if its actually possible to configure a RAM Pump to deliver up to a height of 300m (984 ft) I've made a ram that has a delivery head of 35m (115ft) for personal use; however a family friend wants me to set up a RAM for them that goes up to 250m and...
  22. Hepth

    Does an in-line 1-5psi air pump exist?

    I've been trying to find a product to no avail (lest I disassemble something myself). What I'm looking for is an in-line air pump, powered by either DC or AC (DC preferred). So electric motor. In/Outlets are just small for rubber tubes. It doesn't have to be too strong. It will be moving air...
  23. T

    Would this work to pump water ?

    I was browsing gardening youtube vids and something sparked an idea. The idea is to pump a small amount of water, up a short distance, without using any electric or mechanical energy input. pic 1. There is a sealed container (ie: big bottle) with a small diameter (1/4 inch) tube fed into the...
  24. J

    Pump and water storage system homework help

    hi, for a task at school i have to design a pump and water storage system that will be able to work with a wind turbine to supply water from a well to a small community of about 2000 people. i am having some trouble finding information regarding these topics: -flow rate of pump -power of...
  25. J

    Pump and water storage system homework help

    hi, for a task at school i have to design a pump and water storage system that will be able to work with a wind turbine to supply water from a well to a small community of about 2000 people. i am having some trouble finding information regarding these topics: -flow rate of pump -power of...
  26. M

    Prove:β (heat pump) is always less or equal to β(Carnot HP)

    Hello All! My professor in thermodynamics showed us the proof of the Carnot theory using integrals and a temp vs. entropy plot for a heat engine cycle. We haven't actually learned about entropy yet, so can someone help me understand how this translates into the coefficient of performance β...
  27. I

    Calculating torque of peristaltic pump

    Please see the attached drawing. I am attempting to create a force diagram of a peristaltic pump with three rollers. I would like to be able to form an equation that will allow me to calculate the torque that the motor needs to overcome in order to begin rotating. Each roller is compressed...
  28. R

    Washing machine drain pump motor type

    Hi guys! recently I have changed my washing machine drain pump (looks like this http://www.yourspares.co.uk/parts/ys140670/universal-askoll-washing-machine-magnet-motor-pump-C00273407.aspx) and I am just curious what type of the motor is used? There is like a transformer on the back but there...
  29. S

    Vacuum possible from Gaede mercury pump from 1913.

    I am working on a computer simulation for an undergraduate capstone project. In the simulation I am trying to model an experiment done by Moseley and Harling in 1913 described in the paper The Attainment of High Potentials by the Use of Radium found in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of...
  30. A

    Force (Thrust) produced by a water pump at hose end

    Hi all, I have been searching for days (and trying many different formulas) to try and work out the force (thrust) produced by a water pump at the end of a hose (given a perfect frictionless world) and was hoping someone could help... The following specifications are given: Fluid...
  31. N

    What is the power of a pump spraying water at 20 m/s with a 0.05 m radius?

    A pump taking water from a large reservoir, is used to spray a jet of water with speed 20 m/s and radius 0.05 m, from a nozzle level with the surface of the reservoir. Calculate the power of the pump. Workdone = Force * distance Power = Force * velocity I have no idea
  32. T

    Heat pump COP theoretical maximum

    Hello everybody. I have trouble of proving the theoretical maximum of heat pump Coefficent of Performance. The thing I'm trying to calculate is for heat pump pumping heat from colder reservoir to the hotter reservoir: COP=Qh/W Qh - heat supplied to the hot reservoir(output) W - mechanical...
  33. J

    Finding the Best Solar Pump and Panel for 1 HP Pump

    hello PFs, I am working on solar pump but unfortunately i am new to this. Confused which solar panel is best to buy for 1 HP pump. And even what type of pump to use. Want to make it as efficient and cheap as possible. Thanks.
  34. A

    Automotive What is the optimal pump capacity for a 3-liter diesel engine?

    criteria to find oil pump capacity for engine , do anyone knows for diesel engine 3lits.
  35. M

    Causes of Sewage Pump Ragging

    Hello, I would like to know what causes a RAGGING in sewage pump? Here are some causes that I can think of but I need more. Poor maintenance Broken seal Exessive usage impeller wear-cavitation Many thanks
  36. S

    Is there entanglement other than 50/50 energy? of the pump photon

    During the creation of entangled photons (say via SPDC as described, for example, at the bottom of this post): Do/can we also get photons that are say 60/40, 70/30 etc? ..if we remove/adjust the filter etc... i.e. the entangled photons are not exactly half the energy but one of the entangled...
  37. A

    Heat Pump Design: Components & Assembly Guide

    Hey guys, I'm looking at designing a heat pump system that uses CO2 as the working fluid. I'm not exactly sure how to pick the components that I need like a compressor, expansion valve, etc. I am trying to create an experimental device that will work in conjunction with my CO2 thermosyphon...
  38. W

    Pump pressure and pipe diameter

    I am a little confused about the pressure and hose diameter relationship. Let's say I have a pump pumping at a given pressure; I connect a hose of a certain diameter and attach a pressure gauge to the other end of the hose and get a pressure reading. Now let's say if i conduct the same...
  39. N

    Positive/Negative Pressure Control of Syringe using Compressed Air and Vacuum Pump

    I would like to try and set up a pressure control system in my lab using house vacuum and compressed air. Or otherwise using a compressed air source and vacuum pump. I want to be able to control the pressure in a reservoir (a syringe) within the range of -15 to +15psi. I was thinking...
  40. J

    Heat Pump Efficiency in Cold Winter Months

    I've been reading a lot, looking for ways to make my heat pump "work less" or more efficiently in the winter months. Since the HP transfers heat... in the winter it's 'taking' heat from outside and moving it inside.. supposedly heating my house. Would it be advisable or beneficial (both in out...
  41. Z

    How to get from pump flow rate to pressure change

    Hi, Essentially what I need is a pump that will pump 40 gallons of water per hour to a height of 8 feet. Ignoring pressure losses in the lines (for now) I used the bernouli equation to determine that I need a pressure change of 3.44 psi in my pump. I found these pumps that look suitable but...
  42. J

    Pressure Washer Pump used to pressurize pressure vessel?

    Hi, I am working on a project that requires me to pressurize water in a small pressure vessel up to a pressure of 1500 psi. I am searching for a pump to do this. Do you guys think a pressure washer pump such as this one...
  43. L

    Is the Heat Pump and Motor Setup Efficient?

    Not sure if I am doing this correct and do not have answer available... A heat pump takes on 30,000BTU/hr of heat and uses 5030 watts. However its COP as an air conditioner is 2.19. How efficient is the pump and motor setup? I am assuming the following: Qh=30000 BTU/hr=11.79 hp WKin=5030...
  44. 2

    Fluid Mechanics: pump configuration

    Homework Statement Develop the pump head curve. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Top branch: ## \Delta h=2(a-b(\frac{Q}{2})^2) ## Bot branch: ## \Delta h=a-b(\frac{Q}{2})^2 ## Combining them is where I'm having trouble; I don't understand what to do with the a term. Add...
  45. D

    Developing Pump Performance Curves

    Hi Folks; I am developing a series of pump performance curves for pulp slurries. I am running a closed-loop Lab-Scale pipeline facility. My question is about measuring head vs. flow rate at constant RPMs. I did it for pure water by continuously feeding the system with water, and gradually...
  46. H

    Screw Pump Sizing: Calculations for Inverted Pumps

    Does anyone know where i can get the calculations for sizing an inverted screw pump. Inverted being that there is no screw but the fins art attached to the inside of a pipe and the pipe is rotating. I am moving any where from 150 to 400 lbs of dry powder per minute, depending on the amount of...
  47. M

    Why is human heart not a centrifuge pump

    Homework Statement Why is human heart not a centrifuge pump but positive displacement pump ? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Maybe bcoz there is no continuous flow of blood. blood goes thru body in packets hence we hear heart beats..
  48. D

    Pontoon Pump Forces: Understanding Inertia

    Hi all. I have a pontoon pump, that when activated takes off in a particular direction. It has been described as inertia, however my understanding of inertia is angular momentum, so not sure why this would make the pump go in a particular direction. I originally thought it was because the...
  49. A

    Heat pump problem with heat loss?

    Homework Statement Consider a heat pump used to heat a house to 70°F when the outside temp is 5°F. The total heat loss from the house is 10000 BTU/hr. Efficiency of the heat pump is 45% of the theoretical maximum. What will be the power used by the pump? Homework Equations e (or cop) =...
  50. A

    Vacuum Pump Solution for Perfectly Sealed Chamber

    hi to all, i have been trying to find some similar project solution on the internet but so far have found nothing, so i am posting here. here is the setup ( see attached picture) : in "fig 1" a metal chamber, perfectly sealed contains inside it a balloon filled with air (red color). the...
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