2D Phase portrait - Black hole?

In summary, the equations for describing trajectories around a black hole involve ##\frac{d^2u}{d\theta^2} + u = \alpha \epsilon u^2##, with ##u = \frac{1}{r}## and ##\theta## being the azimuthal angle. By using ##v = \frac{du}{d\theta}##, the system can be reduced to 2D and fixed points can be found, with one being a center and the other being a saddle. The direction of fastest perturbation is ##u=v##. The eigenvalue for the non-linearized version is ##\lambda^2 = (2\epsilon u - 1)##, indicating that for
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unscientific
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Homework Statement



Trajectories around a black hole can be described by ## \frac{d^2u}{d\theta^2} + u = \alpha \epsilon u^2 ##, where ##u = \frac{1}{r}## and ##\theta## is azimuthal angle.

(a) By using ##v = \frac{du}{d\theta}##, reduce system to 2D and find fixed points and their stability. Find direction of fastest perturbations.
(b) Sketch the phase portrait. Would stability of fixed points differ in the non-linearized version?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



Part (a)
The equations now become ##\delta v = \delta \dot u## and ##\delta \dot v + \delta u = 2\epsilon u \delta u##.
2010_B1_Q1.png

Fixed points are ##\left( 0,0 \right)## and ##\left( \frac{1}{\epsilon}, 0 \right)##. At ##(0,0)##, all eigenvalues are imaginary, so the fixed point is a center. At ##(\frac{1}{\epsilon},0)##, eigenvalues are ##\pm 1## so fixed point is a saddle.
Eigenvalue of ##J + J^T## is ##2\epsilon u## and direction of fastest perturbation is ##u=v##.

Part(b)
Eigenvalue in general is ##\lambda^2 = (2\epsilon u - 1)##, so for ##|u| > \frac{1}{2\epsilon}##, the particle doesn't get trapped by the black hole?

2010_B1_Q1_2.png

 
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bumpp
 
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bumpp
 

1. What is a 2D Phase Portrait?

A 2D phase portrait is a visual representation of the behavior of a dynamic system over time. It is a graph that shows the trajectory of the system's state variables as it changes over time. In other words, it shows how the system evolves from one state to another.

2. What is a Black Hole?

A black hole is a region in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from it. It is formed when a massive star dies and collapses in on itself, creating a singularity with infinite density and zero volume.

3. How is a 2D Phase Portrait related to a Black Hole?

A 2D phase portrait can be used to visualize the behavior of objects in the gravitational field of a black hole. As an object approaches a black hole, its trajectory will be affected by the strong gravitational pull, which can be represented in a 2D phase portrait.

4. Can a 2D Phase Portrait help us understand the properties of a Black Hole?

Yes, a 2D phase portrait can provide valuable insights into the properties of a black hole, such as its mass, angular momentum, and electric charge. By analyzing the trajectory of objects around a black hole, scientists can make predictions and test theories about its characteristics.

5. Are there any limitations to using a 2D Phase Portrait to study Black Holes?

While a 2D phase portrait can provide useful information about the behavior of objects near a black hole, it is a simplified representation and does not fully capture the complexities of black holes. Additionally, it does not take into account the effects of other forces, such as radiation, on the objects' trajectories.

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