CMB: How Was Matter Distributed Before Photon Decoupling?

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In summary: This matches predictions from inflation, but not from other models such as cosmic strings or textures.In summary, according to the hot Big Bang model, the universe was transparent to radiation about 380000 years after the violent explosion. Before this moment, photons were trapped in the soup of ionized plasma and the matter was evenly distributed. The density variations that resulted from this decoupling became the seeds for later galaxy clusters and galaxies, and are currently the primary evidence for inflation. These variations are statistically predicted by inflation, but not by other models such as cosmic strings or textures.
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orricl
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According to the hot Big Bang model, about 380000 years after that violent explosion, the universe was transparent to radiation but before that moment photons were trapped in the soup of ionized plasma. And my question is how does the matter distribute in space before the photons decouple from the ionized plasma?
 
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  • #2
orricl said:
According to the hot Big Bang model, about 380000 years after that violent explosion,
There is a very common misconception here. The Big Bang was not an explosion in the common meaning of the word. Throughout the history of the Universe, matter and radiation have both been relatively evenly spread in it. This is not and have never been a problem for the Big Bang model.
 
  • #3
orricl said:
According to the hot Big Bang model, about 380000 years after that violent explosion, the universe was transparent to radiation but before that moment photons were trapped in the soup of ionized plasma. And my question is how does the matter distribute in space before the photons decouple from the ionized plasma?
Before decoupling, the matter was almost perfectly evenly-distributed. We can see the photons that resulted from that decoupling, and the temperature variance is approximately one part in 100,000. This roughly correlates to a density variance.

Those early density variations became the seeds of later galaxy clusters and galaxies, and by measuring the statistical distribution between later galaxies and the CMB we can show that the two match to a high degree of accuracy. This line of study is known as, "baryon acoustic oscillations".
 
  • #4
I want to clarify something:
Is "inflation" the reason of the density perturbations?
 
  • #5
ChrisVer said:
I want to clarify something:
Is "inflation" the reason of the density perturbations?
Inflation does have the property that quantum fluctuations during inflation become small density variations in the early universe, variations that eventually grow to become galaxies, galaxy clusters, etc.

Those density variations are currently the primary piece of evidence we have for inflation, as their statistics are precisely what was predicted.
 
  • #6
It's good to know that the evidence incriminates the suspect we thought it was.
That does not prove much though, other than humans seek patterns.
 
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  • #7
rootone said:
It's good to know that the evidence incriminates the suspect we thought it was.
That does not prove much though, other than humans seek patterns.
Huh ?
 
  • #8
Couldn't e.g. those perturbations happen due to chaotic/statistical events?
 
  • #9
ChrisVer said:
Couldn't e.g. those perturbations happen due to chaotic/statistical events?
They are, but from a very particular random distribution (Gaussian, scale-invariant).
 

Related to CMB: How Was Matter Distributed Before Photon Decoupling?

1. What is CMB?

CMB stands for Cosmic Microwave Background. It is a type of radiation that permeates the entire universe and is a remnant of the Big Bang. It is the oldest light in the universe, dating back to about 380,000 years after the Big Bang.

2. How was matter distributed before photon decoupling?

Before photon decoupling, matter in the universe was evenly distributed in a hot, dense plasma. This plasma was made up of particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons. As the universe expanded and cooled, these particles began to combine and form atoms, and the photons were able to travel freely without interacting with the matter.

3. What is the significance of photon decoupling?

Photon decoupling is a critical event in the history of the universe. It marks the point at which the universe becomes transparent, allowing light to travel freely. This is significant because it allows us to observe the CMB, which provides valuable information about the early universe.

4. How does CMB help us understand the structure of the universe?

The CMB radiation is almost completely uniform, but there are tiny variations in temperature that are believed to be the seeds of the large-scale structures we see in the universe today. By studying these variations, scientists can gain insight into the distribution of matter and the evolution of the universe.

5. What tools and techniques are used to study CMB?

Scientists use a variety of tools and techniques to study the CMB, including telescopes, satellites, and ground-based experiments. These instruments measure the temperature and polarization of the CMB radiation to gather data about its properties and help us understand the structure and history of the universe.

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