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Karate Chop
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hey, if anyone is good with organic chem, could they please list some common and effective tests to distinguish between different organic compounds such as alkanols, acids and alkenes, etc.
Sirus said:The polarimeter is also a useful tool in distinguishing organic compounds. Only chiral compounds are optically active, meaning achiral compounds will not give any observed rotation. Also, enantiomers will give observed rotations equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. Google for more info and formulas.
Some commonly used techniques include chromatography (such as gas chromatography or liquid chromatography), mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.
Functional groups can be determined using spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The presence of certain peaks or shifts in the spectra can indicate the presence of specific functional groups.
Yes, the molecular formula of an unknown organic compound can be determined using mass spectrometry. By analyzing the mass-to-charge ratio of the compound's ions, the molecular formula can be deduced.
While color and odor can sometimes provide clues about the chemical properties of a compound, they are not reliable methods for distinguishing between unknown organic compounds. Spectroscopic techniques should be used for more accurate identification.
Reference standards, also known as known compounds, are essential for identifying unknown organic compounds. By comparing the spectra of an unknown compound to those of known compounds, a scientist can determine the compound's structure and properties.