Exploring the Twinkling Phenomenon of Pluto and Planets

  • Thread starter Loren Booda
  • Start date
  • Tags
    Pluto
In summary, stars twinkle due to atmospheric turbulence, while planets like Pluto, which is too small to be visible to the naked eye, do not twinkle. However, when observed through a telescope, Pluto may exhibit some twinkling, depending on the magnification, and this can be used to study its shape and characteristics. The largest angular diameter of a star seen from Earth is Betelgeuse in the northern hemisphere and R Doradus in the southern hemisphere, with an angular diameter of 0.050-0.06 arcsec.
  • #1
Loren Booda
3,125
4
Stars twinkle because our atmosphere's turbulence causes these point-like bodies to scintillate, whereas planets supposedly appear large enough not to twinkle. Is Pluto (a distant and small planetoid) enough of a point to twinkle as seen from Earth?
 
Astronomy news on Phys.org
  • #2
Loren Booda said:
Stars twinkle because our atmosphere's turbulence causes these point-like bodies to scintillate, whereas planets supposedly appear large enough not to twinkle. Is Pluto (a distant and small planetoid) enough of a point to twinkle as seen from Earth?

Pluto is not visible to the naked eye from Earth. At a mag of 13, it is orders of magnitude below naked eye visible (~6.6) and below any other stars you will see.
 
  • #3
By "seeing" I was trying to refer to the term for atmospheric scintillation (twinkling), whether observed by telescope or naked eye. Let me rephrase: is it possible to encounter significant "twinkling" when observing Pluto from Earth?
 
  • #4
Yes: the more you magnify an object, the more atmospheric scintillation comes into play. And Pluto is so small, it would barely be more than a point of light in even a very large amateur telescope.
 
  • #6
twofish-quant said:
Here are some pictures of Pluto "twinkling"

http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1987A&A...174..295B/0000297.000.html

What you can do with Pluto is to take lots of short observation of the planet twinkling, and then run them through some mathematics to get the shape of Pluto and its moon Charon.
Why does it appear that there are two images of Charon in the photos - is that due to diffraction?
 
  • #7
Speckle is a technique where you take an image of the pupil plane (essentialy the Fourier transform of the image) and then create an image by fitting an interative model to the data.
One of the side effects of the process is that you have a symmetric image because there aren't enough degrees of freedom in the data to decide which is correct.

Also the point of speckle is to remove atmopsheric twinkle effects - so it's a bit pointless in this discussion. Pluto would twinkle like a star through a telescope powerfull enough to see it. Planets don't twinkle because they are several times bigger than the size of the atmospheric distortion (1arc sec), pluto is smaller than this
 
  • #8
mgb_phys said:
Planets don't twinkle because they are several times bigger than the size of the atmospheric distortion (1arc sec), pluto is smaller than this
For everyone's info, that's probably a good number for an average day, but it can be worse or better, probably on a range of 0.1 to 2 arcsec 90% of the time.

The angular diameters of a few objects as viewed from Earth:
Andromeda Galaxy: 11,400 arcsec
Sun/Moon: 1,800 arcsec
Jupiter: 40 arcsec
Europa: 1.0 arcsec
Pluto: 0.10 arcsec (looked it up - that's actually bigger than I expected)
Betelgeus: 0.050 arcsec
 
  • #9
Russ, what's the star with the largest angular diameter as seen from earth? Gamma Crucis perhaps? It's rather large and quiet close.
 
  • #10
In the northern hemisphere it's probably Betelgues. We took images of it using a speckle-like technique that resolve bright spots on the star
 
  • #11
In the southern hemisphere it's R Doradus, with an angular diameter of 0.06 arcsec. For many reasons, R Doradus is nowhere as interesting as Betelgeuse and is relatively obscure.
 
  • #12
The mirror image comes as a result of the mathematics that the use to get the images from the speckles. Unfortunately, I'm not familiar enough with the math to know why that happens and would welcome someone that knows more about interferometry to chime in.
 
  • #13
Basically because you don't have any information on the absolute phase so the reconstruction algorithm has two (- and +) solutions.
 
  • #14
Vanadium 50 said:
Russ, what's the star with the largest angular diameter as seen from earth? Gamma Crucis perhaps? It's rather large and quiet close.
Don't actually know, sorry - I just pulled a few out of the air, plus looked a wiki for the question.
 

1. What is the twinkling phenomenon of Pluto and planets?

The twinkling phenomenon, also known as scintillation, is the fluctuation in brightness of a celestial body as observed from Earth. It is caused by the Earth's atmosphere, which refracts the light from the object, creating variations in the perceived brightness.

2. How is the twinkling phenomenon of Pluto and planets different from stars?

The twinkling phenomenon of Pluto and planets is different from stars because stars are much farther away from Earth and their light passes through multiple layers of the atmosphere, causing a more intense and rapid twinkling effect. In contrast, Pluto and planets are closer to Earth and their light passes through less atmosphere, resulting in a slower and less intense twinkling.

3. Why do some planets twinkle more than others?

The amount of twinkling observed from a planet depends on its distance from Earth, its size, and its surface characteristics. Planets that are closer to Earth, such as Venus, will appear to twinkle more than those that are farther away, such as Saturn. Additionally, planets with smoother surfaces, like Jupiter, will have less twinkling compared to those with rougher surfaces, like Mars.

4. Can the twinkling phenomenon of Pluto and planets be seen with the naked eye?

Yes, the twinkling phenomenon of Pluto and planets can be seen with the naked eye, although it may be more difficult to observe in highly light-polluted areas. It is best viewed on a clear, dark night when the planets are high in the sky and away from the horizon.

5. Does the twinkling phenomenon affect the data collected by telescopes?

Yes, the twinkling phenomenon can affect the data collected by telescopes, especially for objects that are closer to the horizon. This is why astronomers often use adaptive optics or other techniques to correct for the twinkling effect and obtain clearer images and data.

Similar threads

Replies
17
Views
2K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
1
Views
237
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
15
Views
1K
  • Sci-Fi Writing and World Building
Replies
21
Views
1K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
1
Views
974
Back
Top