- #1
Tubefox
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Homework Statement
Jupiter has a core of liquid metallic hydrogen, with uniform density $\rho_c$, with radius $R_c$. This is surrounded by a gaseous cloud $R_g$, where $R_g>R_c$. Assume the cloud is of uniform density $\rho_g$.
The problem also specifies that we are to assume both regions of Jupiter are spherical (so it's two spheres, one inside the other)
What is the gravitational force on an object of mass $m$ located a distance $r$ from Jupiter's center? Consider the following cases:
A) $r<R_c$ (i.e., within the core)
B) $R_c<r<R_g$
C) $r>R_g$
Homework Equations
$$F=\frac{Gm dM}{|d-d'|^2}\hat{d-d'}$$
(With the hat denoting unit vector)
The Attempt at a Solution
I think what we're supposed to do here, since the density is not given as a continuous function, is to calculate the gravitational force due to the core, and the gravitational force due to the surrounding gas, and then superpose them. Since the density is uniform, we know that in a small chunk of mass dM (I think, this is one of the main thing's I'm not sure about):
$$dM=\rho P^2 \sin\theta d\theta d\phi dP$$
In spherical coordinates, $(P, \phi, \theta)$, that is. The $\rho$ is either $\rho_c$ or $\rho_g$, depending on which integral we're trying to do. The distance term will be given by:
$$\vec{d-d'}=(P \cos \phi \sin \theta - r_1) \hat{i} + (P \sin \theta \sin \phi-r_2) \hat{j} + (P \cos \theta - r_3)\hat{j}$$
Where $(r_1,r_2,r_3)$ are the coordinates of the mass located a distance $r$ from the center. This gives:
$$|d-d'|=\sqrt{P^2 - 2r_1P\cos(\phi)\sin(\theta) - 2r_2 P \sin \theta \sin \phi - 2r_3 P cos\theta + r^2}$$
(Note that $r_1^2 + r_2^2 + r_3^2 = r^2$ from the way we defined them)
I'm not sure this is right, especially because doing this produces the obscenely complicated integral for the force from the core region:
$$F=\int_0^{2\pi}\int_0^\pi \int_0^{R_c} \frac{mG\rho_c P^2 sin \theta}{P^2 - 2r_1P\cos(\phi)\sin(\theta) - 2r_2 P \sin \theta \sin \phi - 2r_3 P cos\theta + r^2} dP d\theta d\phi$$
Which looks too complicated to be right, especially since it contains three constants that weren't given. Could somebody either confirm I'm on the right track, or give me some guidance as to where I went wrong/how to get back on the right track? Thanks.
