Intro to Logic (prove sequents)

MHB
Thread starter kk12
Start date May 8, 2019
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Intro Logic

In summary, "Intro to Logic" is a branch of philosophy that teaches the principles of correct thinking and how to construct valid arguments. It is important because logical thinking is essential in many fields. A sequent in logic is an expression that represents the logical relationship between the premises and conclusion of an argument. To prove a sequent, one must use rules of inference and logical equivalences. A valid sequent has a logical relationship between the antecedent and consequent based on the rules of logic, while an invalid sequent does not. In scientific research, "Intro to Logic" is used to evaluate arguments and evidence, construct valid arguments, and avoid logical fallacies. It is also used in the development of theories and models in various

May 8, 2019

kk12

I am stuck on these questions and don't really know how to start/solve them.
prove the following sequent:
1. $(\exists x) Fx \to (\forall x) Gx \vdash (\exists x)(Fx \to (\forall x)Gx)$

2. $(\forall x)(Fx \to (\forall y)\neg Fy) \vdash \neg(\exists x)Fx$

3. $(\exists x)Fx, (\forall x)(Fx \; à \; Gx) \vdash (\exists x)G$

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May 9, 2019

Evgeny.Makarov

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MHB

See this https://driven2services.com/staging/mh/index.php?threads/29/.

1. What is the purpose of "Intro to Logic (prove sequents)"?

The purpose of "Intro to Logic (prove sequents)" is to teach students how to use formal logic to prove the validity of arguments. This involves breaking down arguments into smaller statements and using logical rules to show that the conclusion follows from the premises.

2. What are the basic components of a sequent?

A sequent consists of two parts: the antecedent (or premises) and the consequent (or conclusion). The antecedent contains a list of statements or assumptions, while the consequent contains the statement that is being proven to follow from the antecedent.

3. How do you prove a sequent using natural deduction?

To prove a sequent using natural deduction, you must use a series of logical rules to manipulate the antecedent and consequent until they are equivalent. This involves applying rules such as modus ponens, modus tollens, and conditional proof.

4. What is the difference between a valid and an invalid sequent?

A valid sequent is one in which the conclusion follows logically from the premises, meaning that if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. An invalid sequent is one in which the conclusion does not follow from the premises, meaning that the argument is not logically sound.

5. How can studying "Intro to Logic (prove sequents)" be beneficial in everyday life?

Studying "Intro to Logic (prove sequents)" can help improve critical thinking skills and the ability to evaluate arguments. This can be useful in everyday life when making decisions, analyzing information, and engaging in debates or discussions. It can also help identify fallacies and faulty reasoning in advertisements, news articles, and other forms of media.