- #1
opus
Gold Member
- 717
- 131
Homework Statement
The current section I'm working on has to do with arc length of a curve and surface area.
These all eventually end up with having to take the anti-derivative of a radical. At each instance, I get stuck by using u-substitution because when I take the derivative of ##u##, my ##du## is not in the integrand and it's more than a scalar(it has operators or variables in it), so I can't pull them in front of the integral. Let me give an example, although I have the same problem for all of them.
Problem:
Find the length of the function of ##x## over the given interval. If you cannot evaluate the integral exactly, use technology to approximate it.
##y=\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+2\right)^\frac{3}{2}## from ##x=0## to ##x=1##
Homework Equations
##Arc Length = \int_a^b \sqrt{1+\left[f'(x)\right]^2}dx##
The Attempt at a Solution
(i) ##f'(x) = x\left(x^2+2\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}##
(ii) ##\left[f'(x)\right]^2 = x^4+2x^2##
(iii) ##Arc Length = \int_0^1 \sqrt{x^4+2x^2+1}dx##
This is where I always get stuck. No matter what I set ##u## equal to for u-substitution, ##du## is never left over in the integrand. It's always loaded with things that I can't pull out front of the integral. I tried using different forms of the expression under the radicand as well as not distributing ##x^2\left(x^2+3\right)## but to no avail.
I feel like there's some fundamental thing I am missing here because I run into the same problem every time.
Any ideas?