P.Chem: Rate of chemical reactions; Half-life

In summary, the rate of a chemical reaction is the speed at which reactants are converted into products, measured in units of moles per liter per second or moles per liter per minute. It can be determined by measuring the change in concentration of either the reactants or products over time. Several factors, including temperature, concentration of reactants, presence of a catalyst, and surface area of reactants, can affect the rate of a reaction. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the reactants to be converted into products, and can be used to compare the rates of different reactions. Temperature can greatly affect the half-life of a chemical reaction, with higher temperatures leading to a shorter half-life due to increased energy for
  • #1
jtruth914
21
0
A second- order reaction of the type A + B -->P was carried out in a solution that was initially 0.075 mol dm^-3 in A and 0.050 mol dm^-3 in B. After 1.0 h the concentration of A had fallen to 0.020 mol dm^-3. a) Calculate the Rate constant. b) Solve for the half- life of each of the reactants.
Hint: Answers are a) 16.22 dm^3/mol*h
b) 5.1 × 10^3 s, 2.1 × 10^3 s

My Attempt:
[A]intial= 0.075 mol dm^-3
[A]= 0.20
x=[A]initial-[A]=0.075-0.20= 0.055

intial=0.050 mol dm^-3
=0.050-x= 0.050-0.055= -0.005

this is where I'm confused because I get a negative for . When I plug that into the integrated rate law, I get a nonreal number. The integrated rate law is
kt(initial-[A]initial)=ln([A]intial/[A]intial)

Any idea?
 
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  • #2
IMHO error in the question.

Forget about kinetics, just try to solve 0.075M and 0.050M question as a limiting reagent problem - no way you are going to get 0.020M A as a final result.
 
  • #3
Agree with Borek. Sure you have copied the question correctly?

The integrated rate law is recognisably something like what you quote but not that.

Also second order reactions do not have such a thing as a half-life.
 

1. What is the rate of a chemical reaction?

The rate of a chemical reaction is the speed at which reactants are converted into products. It is typically measured in units of moles per liter per second (mol/L/s) or moles per liter per minute (mol/L/min).

2. How is the rate of a chemical reaction determined?

The rate of a chemical reaction can be determined by measuring the change in concentration of either the reactants or products over time. This can be done using various techniques such as spectrophotometry or titration.

3. What factors can affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Several factors can affect the rate of a chemical reaction, including temperature, concentration of reactants, presence of a catalyst, and surface area of reactants. Changes in any of these factors can increase or decrease the rate of a reaction.

4. What is half-life in relation to chemical reactions?

Half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the reactants to be converted into products. It is a measure of the speed at which a reaction is occurring and can be used to compare the rates of different reactions.

5. How does temperature affect the half-life of a chemical reaction?

Temperature can greatly affect the half-life of a chemical reaction. In general, as temperature increases, the rate of a reaction also increases, leading to a shorter half-life. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy for reactant molecules to collide and react, resulting in a faster overall reaction rate.

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