Question about spin magnetic quantum number

In summary, the Pauli exclusion principle states that each electron has two different spin states, but in each orbital, the electrons must have opposite spins. This is because spin 1/2 particles are fermions, and a full understanding of this principle requires studying quantum mechanics at a Junior undergraduate level or above. Your physics background will also determine the level of explanation that can be provided.
  • #1
Bipolarity
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Not really a homework problem, just a question on the Pauli exclusion principle.
I understand that each electron has two different spins, characterized by the possible values of the spin magnetic quantum number.

However, I do not understand why it is necessary that in each orbital the two electrons NECESSARILY have to have opposite spin. Why is it not possible that both electrons in the orbital have the same spin?
 
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  • #2
Where are you at in your physics studies? Undergrad? Junior? Sophomore.

The Pauli exclusion principle is a fairly deep topic, and a full explanation will require studying quantum mechanics at at least a Junior undergraduate level. If you want to know why spin 1/2 particles are fermions, then that will require quantum field theory. Thus, a bit about your physics background will help me give you an answer you are equipped to follow.
 

Related to Question about spin magnetic quantum number

1. What is the spin magnetic quantum number?

The spin magnetic quantum number, also known as the spin quantum number or simply spin, is a fundamental quantum number used to describe the intrinsic angular momentum of a particle. It is denoted by the symbol s and can have values of either +1/2 or -1/2 for electrons.

2. How does the spin magnetic quantum number differ from the orbital quantum number?

The spin magnetic quantum number describes the spin of a particle, while the orbital quantum number describes the orbital or spatial distribution of the particle's wavefunction. In other words, the spin quantum number determines the orientation of the particle's angular momentum, while the orbital quantum number determines its shape.

3. How is the spin magnetic quantum number related to the Pauli exclusion principle?

The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. This includes the spin quantum number, meaning that if one electron has a spin of +1/2, the other electron in the same orbital must have a spin of -1/2. This is known as the spin pairing rule.

4. Can the spin magnetic quantum number be measured?

Yes, the spin magnetic quantum number can be measured using various techniques such as electron spin resonance spectroscopy or nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. These methods use the interaction between a particle's spin and an external magnetic field to determine its value.

5. How does the spin magnetic quantum number affect the properties of an atom or molecule?

The spin magnetic quantum number plays a crucial role in determining the magnetic properties of atoms and molecules. For example, the arrangement of electrons with opposite spins in an atom or molecule can lead to a net magnetic moment, which can impact the chemical and physical behavior of the system.

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