The overall reaction equation for the reaction between Cl2 and CHCl3 is:
Cl2 + CHCl3 → CCl4 + HCl
The mechanism of the reaction between Cl2 and CHCl3 is a substitution reaction. The chlorine atom in Cl2 attacks the carbon atom in CHCl3, forming a C-Cl bond and releasing HCl. This is followed by a second substitution reaction where the other chlorine atom in Cl2 attacks the remaining hydrogen atom in CHCl3, forming CCl4.
CHCl3 acts as the substrate or reactant in the reaction with Cl2. It provides the carbon atom for the substitution reaction to occur and ultimately forms the product, CCl4.
The rate of the Cl2 and CHCl3 reaction can be affected by several factors, including temperature, concentration of reactants, and the presence of a catalyst. Higher temperatures and concentrations of reactants can increase the rate of the reaction, while the presence of a catalyst can lower the activation energy and speed up the reaction.
The reaction between Cl2 and CHCl3 is exothermic, meaning it releases heat energy. This is because the energy required to break the bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when new bonds are formed in the products.