Shock Wave Questions: Calculating Speed & Intensity

In summary, there is no general formula for calculating the speed of a shock wave or its intensity. However, an estimate can be obtained using normal shock relations. The speed of the shock wave will be equal to the speed of the object that created it, and the strongest shock waves will be in front of the object.
  • #1
nicholas0211510
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How would one calculate the speed of a shock wave or intensity? For example, let's say something with a mass of 10 kg, with a velocity of 1000 m/s, travling in a straight line ,in Earth's atmosphere, at sea level . what formulas would one use to figure this out? Thanks in advanced
 
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  • #2
Mass is not as important as shape. That said, there still isn't any general formula to calculate it exactly and the shock strength will almost definitely vary at different points along the wave. Still, you can get a "worst case" estimate by using the normal shock relations to get the strength. It's speed is just going to be the same as the body.
 
  • #3
Ah, so the shock wave behind it will have a equal speed as the object that created it? So if somthing is moving at mach 3 , the shock wave will be mach 3?
 
  • #4
nicholas0211510 said:
Ah, so the shock wave behind it will have a equal speed as the object that created it? So if somthing is moving at mach 3 , the shock wave will be mach 3?
As far as I know, the shock wave is only the region where the air is being made to move 'faster than sound'. Once the object has passed by, the shockwave becomes just a sound wave. The air cannot support any higher speed than that without the energy supplied by the passing object and that dissipates pretty soon.
 
  • #5
nicholas0211510 said:
Ah, so the shock wave behind it will have a equal speed as the object that created it? So if somthing is moving at mach 3 , the shock wave will be mach 3?

Correct, at least near the aircraft.
 
  • #6
I'd also like to point out that saying the shock wave "behind" the object is misleading. The strongest shock wave(s) will be in front of (or attached to the front of) the object. There may or may not be anything behind the object depending on the shape.
 
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1. What is a shock wave?

A shock wave is a type of pressure wave that is created when an object travels faster than the speed of sound in a specific medium, such as air or water.

2. How is the speed of a shock wave calculated?

The speed of a shock wave can be calculated using the equation v = √(γP/ρ), where v is the speed of the shock wave, γ is the ratio of specific heats, P is the pressure, and ρ is the density of the medium.

3. What factors affect the intensity of a shock wave?

The intensity of a shock wave is affected by the speed of the object creating the shock wave, the density and compressibility of the medium, and the shape and size of the object.

4. How is the intensity of a shock wave measured?

The intensity of a shock wave is typically measured using a specialized instrument called a shock tube, which measures the pressure and duration of the shock wave.

5. What are some real-world applications of shock wave calculations?

Shock wave calculations are used in a variety of fields, including aerospace engineering, ballistics, and blast wave modeling for explosions. They are also used in medical procedures such as lithotripsy, which uses shock waves to break up kidney stones.

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