Solubility of Gases: Questions & Answers

In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of solubility in physical chemistry, specifically the "nth" principle which states that everything is soluble in everything else. This principle was discovered by a thesis adviser after spending 40 years studying the surface physics of alkali halides. The adviser found that even seemingly implausible mechanisms can occur to some degree.
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GabrieleCitossi
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Hello. How are you my friends? Is there a gas that is completely not soluble in a liquid ? Thank you
 
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GabrieleCitossi said:
Is there a gas that is completely not soluble in a liquid ?
Everything is soluble in everything else; "nth" principle of physical chemistry.
 
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Bystander said:
Everything is soluble in everything else; "nth" principle of physical chemistry.

Here's another fundamental principle of physical chemistry. My thesis adviser spent much of his career studying the surface physics of alkali halides. He chose this vocation with the idea that here at least is a system so simple, so uncomplicated he could surely eventually understand everything there is to know about it. 40 years later they were still surprising him. But he did discover this fundamental principle of physical chemistry "Every even moderately plausible mechanism you can dream up happens to some degree. Most of the implausible ones also happen."
 
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1. What factors affect the solubility of gases in liquids?

The solubility of gases in liquids is affected by temperature, pressure, and the chemical properties of the gas and liquid. Generally, higher temperatures and lower pressures increase the solubility of gases in liquids. Additionally, polar gases tend to be more soluble in polar liquids, while nonpolar gases are more soluble in nonpolar liquids.

2. How does temperature affect the solubility of gases in liquids?

In most cases, as temperature increases, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy for gas molecules to escape the liquid and return to the gas phase. However, there are some exceptions to this trend, such as with the solubility of carbon dioxide in water, which actually increases with higher temperatures.

3. Does pressure affect the solubility of gases in liquids?

Yes, pressure has a significant impact on the solubility of gases in liquids. According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. This means that as pressure increases, so does the solubility of the gas in the liquid.

4. How does the chemical nature of the gas and liquid affect solubility?

The chemical properties of the gas and liquid can greatly influence the solubility of gases in liquids. For example, polar gases, such as ammonia, are more soluble in polar liquids like water, while nonpolar gases, such as methane, are more soluble in nonpolar liquids like oil. Additionally, the presence of other substances in the liquid can also affect solubility by either increasing or decreasing it.

5. What is the relationship between solubility and concentration?

Solubility and concentration are related, but they are not the same thing. Solubility refers to the maximum amount of a gas that can dissolve in a given amount of liquid at a specific temperature and pressure. Concentration, on the other hand, is the amount of a gas that is actually dissolved in a given amount of liquid. Solubility can be used to calculate the concentration of a gas in a solution, but it can also be affected by other factors such as temperature and pressure.

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