Vertical Velocity Graph versus Time on a Slope

  • #1
mancity
16
2
Homework Statement
A soccer ball is kicked up a hill with a flat top, as shown. The ball bounces twice on the hill, at the points shown, then lands on the top and begins rolling horizontally. Which of the following shows the vertical component of its velocity as a function of time?
Attached is the picture, along with the answer choices.
Relevant Equations
KE+PE=ME
I understand that through process of elimination the only plausible solution is (E), but a question that rises up:

When the ball bounces, does the velocity change from negative to positive instantly (as shown by the dotted lines) or gradually (a very small time period, but still solid line)?
Screen Shot 2023-12-08 at 11.28.09 PM.png
 
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  • #2
The answer depends on how ideally you model the bounce. Of course, in the real world, the collision occurs smoothly over some time.
 
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  • #3
mancity said:
When the ball bounces, does the velocity change from negative to positive instantly (as shown by the dotted lines) or gradually (a very small time period, but still solid line)?
Not instantly, but over some (typically very small) time-interval. A solid, very steep line during each impact would have been better.

Also, there should be no 'sharp corners’ where two straight line-sections meet; the junction should be rounded. Motion is continuous - no discontinuities.

But it is common to simplify graphs for convenience.
 
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1. How does the vertical velocity graph change over time on a slope?

On a slope, the vertical velocity graph will show a gradual increase or decrease in velocity depending on the direction of motion. If an object is moving uphill, the velocity will decrease over time as it moves against gravity. Conversely, if the object is moving downhill, the velocity will increase over time as it moves with gravity.

2. What does a positive slope on the vertical velocity graph represent?

A positive slope on the vertical velocity graph represents an increase in velocity over time. This indicates that the object is accelerating downwards, either due to gravity or some other external force.

3. How does the steepness of the slope on the vertical velocity graph relate to the object's speed?

The steepness of the slope on the vertical velocity graph is directly proportional to the object's speed. A steeper slope indicates a faster rate of change in velocity, while a gentler slope represents a slower rate of change in velocity.

4. Can the vertical velocity graph on a slope ever be horizontal?

Yes, the vertical velocity graph on a slope can be horizontal if the object is moving at a constant velocity. This means that the object is neither accelerating nor decelerating, maintaining a consistent speed throughout its motion.

5. How does the shape of the slope affect the acceleration of the object on the vertical velocity graph?

The shape of the slope on the vertical velocity graph can indicate the acceleration of the object. A curved slope suggests a changing acceleration, while a straight slope indicates a constant acceleration. A steeper slope represents a greater acceleration, while a gentler slope represents a smaller acceleration.

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