Where is the net electric field zero?

In summary, the problem involves three particles with known charges and a separation distance L=10.0 cm. The goal is to find the location of the third particle, with unknown charge q3, where the net electrostatic force from the other two particles is zero. By setting the electric fields created by the first two particles to be equal and solving for the distance x from the second particle, the third particle can be placed in between the first two particles, closer to the more weakly charged one.
  • #1
march21
2
0

Homework Statement


Particle 1 of charge +4.0 μC and particle 2 of charge +1.0 μC are held at separation L=10.0 cm on an x axis. Particle 3 of unknown charge q3 is to be located such that the net electrostatic force on it from particles 1 and 2 is zero.
In the included figure, particle 1 is located at the origin and particle 2 is located 10 cm to the left on the x axis.

Homework Equations


E=kq/|r|2 * r hat
Enet=E1+E1
F=E*q

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought that if the net electrostatic force is zero, then Enet must be zero. So the two electric fields created by particle 1 and particle 2 must cancel each other other. Following that thought:
E1=q1*k/|r1|2 * r1 hat
E2=q1*k/|r2|2 * r1 hat

r1 = robservation - rq1
r1 = <x,0,0>
|r1|=x
r1 hat= <1,0,0>

r2=robservation - rq2
r2=<x-0.10,0,0> m
|r2|=x-0.10
r2 hat = <1,0,0>

Enet=E1+E2
0=E1+E2
E1=-E2
k*q1*r1 hat/x2 = k*q2*r2hat/(x2-0.20x+0.01)
After simplifying:
x=[(-q2/q1)-0.01]/-0.20
x=1.3 m

However this answer does not solve the problem or make sense. I was thinking that in order for the two electric fields to cancel each other out, the third particle should be placed in between the two particles, closer to the more weakly charged. I've played around with these equations several times and still can't figure it out. Thank you in advance for any help, and I apologize for any formatting errors.
 
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  • #2
march21 said:
I was thinking that in order for the two electric fields to cancel each other out, the third particle should be placed in between the two particles, closer to the more weakly charged.
Of course.

I think you're messing things up by trying to put the coordinates in the equations. Instead, let x be the distance from particle 2 and thus .1 - x is the distance from particle 1. Set up a simple equation so that the field magnitudes are equal and solve for x. (You can always translate that to the coordinate later.)
 
  • #3
Ohhhh, that makes much more sense.
Thank you!
 

1. What is the net electric field?

The net electric field is the vector sum of all the individual electric fields present in a given space. It is a measure of the overall electric force acting on a charged particle at a specific point.

2. Why is it important for the net electric field to be zero?

If the net electric field is zero, it means that there is no overall electric force acting on charged particles in a given space. This is important because it ensures that the particles will remain in a state of equilibrium and will not experience any acceleration or movement.

3. How can the net electric field be zero in a particular area?

The net electric field can be zero in a particular area if the individual electric fields present are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. This can occur when there are multiple charges present in the area, canceling out each other's electric fields.

4. What factors can affect the net electric field in a given space?

The net electric field in a given space can be affected by the presence and distribution of charged particles, the distance between the charges, and the medium through which the electric field is passing. Other factors such as external electric fields and conductive materials can also impact the net electric field.

5. How is the net electric field calculated?

The net electric field is calculated by summing up the individual electric fields present in a given space. This can be done using vector addition, taking into account the magnitudes and directions of each electric field. It can also be calculated using Coulomb's law for point charges or the superposition principle for distributed charges.

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