Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

In summary, the question of why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall can be answered by understanding the concept of terminal velocity. When an object is initially falling, it experiences a net force of zero due to no air resistance. However, as time passes, the speed and air resistance increases until it reaches a point where the air resistance equals the weight of the object, resulting in a net force of zero and a constant velocity. This can be explained by the differential equation m(dv/dt) = -mg + u(v), where v is the speed of the falling object and u(v) is a function that takes into account the effects of air resistance. It is important for students to be precise in their modeling and
  • #1
Benjamin_harsh
211
5
Homework Statement
Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
Relevant Equations
net force is not equal to zero.
Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

If Egg is fall from a nest of tree, while falling, it has less magnitude of air resistance than gravitation force.
Where net force is not equal to zero.
 
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  • #2
Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
What research have you done on this? What have you found out?

If you open your palm vertically and swing your arm around, does air resistance overcome your arm's force? Why not?
 
  • #3
Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
Relevant Equations: net force is not equal to zero.

Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

If Egg is fall from a nest of tree, while falling, it has less magnitude of air resistance than gravitation force.
Where net force is not equal to zero.
Put the egg in a 100 km/hr updraft and see which wins out.
 
  • #4
As soon as you release the egg (no updrafts) its acceleration is g. Instantaneously at the moment of release, the net force on the egg is equal to its weight and its speed is zero. There is no air resistance opposing the motion because there is no motion. As time increases
a. the speed will increase as long as there is non-zero acceleration but
b. increasing speed means increasing air resistance which implies that
c. the net force will be less than the weight nevertheless
d. the speed and hence the air resistance will keep increasing because there is still acceleration therefore
e. there will come a time when the speed is such that the air resistance has become large enough to equal the weight which makes the net force equal to zero.

At that time the falling egg has zero acceleration and its speed no longer changes, i.e. it has reached terminal velocity.

All this is neatly summarized with a differential equation $$m\frac{dv}{dt}=-mg+u(v)$$where ##v## is the speed of the falling object and ##u(v)## is a function of speed (usually a power law) such that ##u(0)=0##.
 
  • #5
Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
I don't know if you summarized or translated your original homework question, so interpret my comment accordingly.
However, it just drives me crazy when instructors ask questions like this that are untrue, incomplete, or misleading. Of course the students are confused, the question makes no sense. The solution to most all physics problems requires the student to be precise in how they model, evaluate, and solve the system or questions posed. How are they expected to learn this when they are set up this way?
 

1. Why does air resistance have less force than gravitational force in free fall?

The main reason for this is because air resistance is a force that opposes motion, while gravitational force is a force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth. In free fall, the gravitational force is the dominant force, causing objects to accelerate towards the ground. Air resistance only becomes significant at higher speeds, but in free fall, the speed is constantly increasing, so the force of air resistance is relatively small compared to the force of gravity.

2. How does air resistance affect objects in free fall?

Air resistance affects objects in free fall by slowing down their motion and reducing their acceleration. As an object falls, it pushes against the air particles in its path, causing resistance. This resistance increases as the object's speed increases, eventually reaching a point where it balances out the force of gravity. At this point, the object reaches its terminal velocity and continues to fall at a constant speed.

3. Why is air resistance sometimes ignored in free fall experiments?

In some cases, air resistance is ignored in free fall experiments because it is relatively small and does not have a significant impact on the results. This is especially true for shorter distances and objects with low surface areas. Ignoring air resistance can also make calculations simpler and more accurate, as air resistance can be difficult to measure and account for.

4. Can air resistance ever be greater than gravitational force in free fall?

Yes, there are situations where air resistance can be greater than gravitational force in free fall. This can occur when an object has a large surface area or is falling at high speeds, causing a higher amount of air resistance. In these cases, the object may not reach its terminal velocity and may experience a different rate of acceleration due to the opposing forces.

5. How can air resistance be reduced in free fall?

Air resistance can be reduced in free fall by decreasing the surface area of the object, increasing its mass, or decreasing its speed. Objects that are more streamlined and have less surface area experience less air resistance. Additionally, objects with a higher mass are less affected by air resistance. Finally, reducing the speed of an object in free fall can also decrease the force of air resistance acting on it.

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