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The Higgs boson can be thought of as mediating a "fifth force" that is not a gauge force but a Yukawa interaction. What is the main difference between Yukawa and gauge interaction?
Yukawa interaction and gauge interaction are two types of fundamental forces in physics. While both are involved in the interactions between particles, they have distinct characteristics that set them apart.
Yukawa interaction is a type of short-range force that is responsible for the nuclear force between protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Gauge interaction, on the other hand, is a long-range force that is responsible for the electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces between particles.
Yes, they are both described by the Standard Model of particle physics, which explains the interactions between fundamental particles. Gauge interactions are described by gauge theories, while Yukawa interactions are described by the Yukawa potential.
There have been attempts to unify all the fundamental forces, including Yukawa and gauge interactions, into a single unified theory. However, this remains an ongoing area of research and has not yet been achieved.
Understanding and harnessing the forces of Yukawa and gauge interactions have led to many advancements in technology, including the development of nuclear energy and the use of electromagnetism in everyday devices such as computers and smartphones.