Hi All,
I don't know whether to post this in quantum field theory or in cosmology. Maybe this stuff is one subject, not two. Hajdukovic published some papers recently which seem very intriguing even to an amateur like me who doesn't understand it. Here's the latest one...
Hi Vanadium,
I kind of lost track of the good stuff but now you sheared the sheep and I read it ALL. Er, I think I did! I didn't see a straight answer to your question so here's one: You know all those radio astronomers? Many of them use Very Long Baseline Interferometry, because they can...
Hi pn,
Minor misconception. (I think, if I remember this part right) they don't correct the satellites' time directly, they only correct the frequency. The step size is 1e-19. This they call "steering". Each satellite broadcasts a rather large block of data, repeated every 12.5 minutes, which...
Hi PAllen,
Disagree, your interpretation is too simple. It's not about conservative or liberal, that's for people who are unable to judge the factors due to lack of directly applicable experience. Use of quadrature treatment of systematic errors is a judgment call in each case. If there is...
Regarding 8.3 km of fiber optic, I did some looking. Admittedly we don't know what kind of cable it is, and they do vary in temperature coefficient of delay (TCD) from one type to another. A good quality cable may have TCD = 0.5e-6/C. The cable delay is roughly 30 us. So 0.5e-6/C makes about...
Hi Michel,
Likelihood function = probability density function. Just a different name maybe with different normalization. I apologize in advance because I don't think you're going to like this link very much. I don't. It has an approach which obscures the intuition if you not comfortable with...
One pulse does not have good enough signal to noise ratio to get a time of flight precision of a few ns. The proton pulse actually doesn't have much current in terms of everyday lab measurements, although it's a huge current in terms of teravolt particles. So they made a model by using many...
Hi Parlyne,
You notice I didn't say anything about seasonal variations. I once worked in a place that was sometimes warmer in winter than in summer. The temperature had little correlation with seasons, but it did vary quite a lot. Measuring is a whole lot safer than assuming, especially when...
Read the article, and they were careful. That being said:
a) The 8.3 km fiber optic, including Tx and Rx circuits, has some temperature coefficient of group delay. Since the GD is ROM 30 us, and they desire a couple ns cal error, then was the temperature at the cal times close enough to the...
At and near the surface, assuming the Tx antenna is at the surface, you have to deal with both groundwave and skywave in several modes. The groundwave amplitude depends on surface conductivity and dielectric constant, which varies wildly from ice to seawater and everything in-between. That would...