Well, I think I see how the first example should be read.
<[12],[20]> = <[4]> in ℤ_40, since
<[12],[20]> ⊆ <[4]> since [12] = [4]⊙[3] and [20] = [4]⊙[5]
<[12],[20]> ⊇ <[4]> since [4] = [12]⊙[2] ⊖ [20]⊙[1]
Hopefully my thinking is correct here. Then, given <[x],...,[y]>, we find the...