Inertia is fundamentally linked to mass, representing an object's resistance to changes in its state of motion. While some participants argue that inertia is not quantifiable, others clarify that it can be expressed through a particle's mass or an inertia matrix for extended bodies. The discussion references Newton's laws, particularly emphasizing that inertia relates to the force required to change an object's velocity. The consensus is that while inertia is a property of mass, it can be quantified in specific contexts. Understanding inertia is crucial for physics projects and applications.