Are FCC or BCC Crystal Structures Stronger?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the comparative strength of metals with Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) and Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) crystal structures. It concludes that while FCC metals exhibit greater ductility due to more slip systems, BCC metals are inherently stronger. The importance of Atomic Packing Factor (APF) and coordination number is emphasized as critical factors influencing these properties. Additionally, the directional nature of strength in materials is highlighted, indicating that the chosen direction of force application significantly affects the perceived strength.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of crystal structures, specifically FCC and BCC.
  • Knowledge of slip systems and their role in material deformation.
  • Familiarity with Atomic Packing Factor (APF) and coordination number concepts.
  • Basic principles of material strength and directional properties.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the role of slip systems in FCC and BCC metals.
  • Study the Atomic Packing Factor (APF) in different crystal structures.
  • Examine the relationship between planar density and material strength.
  • Explore the concepts of ductility and brittleness in metals, particularly HCP structures.
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Materials scientists, metallurgists, and engineers interested in the mechanical properties of metals and their crystal structures.

jojoba
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"Which metals tend to be stronger, those that form FCC or those that form BCC crystals? "
This is the solution provided which doesn't make much sense to me: "You should look at APF and coordination number of each crystal system to base your answer"
Is this even a valid question? Doesn't the answer depend on which direction the material is going to be subjected to a force since "strongness" is a directional property? I thought we should choose a particular direction for both systems and look at planar and linear densities. Hence, the slip phenomenon in the crystal structure with a greater planar density in the "chosen direction" will progress with more ease which suggests that the the material is "stronger" if subjected to a force in the chosen direction.
I would appreciate it if someone could point me to the flaw in my reasoning.
 
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It is a valid question. FCC metals tend to have more slip systems, i.e. slip directions and slip planes than BCC. Yes the APF is important, the atomic packing factor, that is the reason FCC has more slip systems, because of the way the atoms are arranged in the crystal.
Thus FCC metals deform easier than BCC metals and thus they are more ductile. BCC metals are infact stronger than FCC metals. HCP metals are the most brittle.
Calister or Smith explains this if you can get your hands on either of the books.
 

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