About domain theory of ferro magnetism

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the domain theory of ferromagnetism, specifically addressing the alignment of magnetic dipoles. Classical electromagnetism posits that nearby magnetic dipoles align oppositely, canceling their magnetic fields. However, in ferromagnetic materials, a quantum mechanical effect known as the exchange interaction causes dipoles to align in the same direction. This phenomenon is influenced by the Pauli exclusion principle, which dictates that electrons with the same spin cannot occupy the same position, leading to a spatial distribution of electric charge that favors parallel spins.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of classical electromagnetism principles
  • Familiarity with quantum mechanics, particularly the Pauli exclusion principle
  • Knowledge of ferromagnetic materials and their properties
  • Basic concepts of magnetic dipoles and their interactions
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  • Research the quantum mechanical principles behind the exchange interaction in ferromagnetism
  • Study the effects of the Pauli exclusion principle on electron configurations
  • Explore the characteristics and applications of ferromagnetic materials
  • Learn about the mathematical modeling of magnetic dipole interactions
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Physicists, materials scientists, and students studying electromagnetism and quantum mechanics who seek to deepen their understanding of ferromagnetism and its underlying principles.

A Dhingra
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hi ...
i want to ask about domain theory of ferromagnetism...
first of all , According to classical electromagnetism, two nearby magnetic dipoles will tend to align in opposite directions, so their magnetic fields will oppose one another and cancel out.
how does this happen?
after this , ...However in a few the ferromagnetic materials, they tend to align in the same direction because of a quantum mechanical effect called the exchange interaction. The Pauli exclusion principle says that two electrons with the same spin cannot also have the same "position". Therefore, under certain conditions, when the orbitals of the unpaired outer valence electrons from adjacent atoms overlap, the distribution of their electric charge in space is further apart when the electrons have parallel spins than when they have opposite spins.

With parallel spin the charges are further apart than that due to opposite spin . . . . how ? ? ?

please explain this to me...
thanks for any help...
 
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hello...
someone... please help me with this ...
 
am i on the wrong category that no replies yet...
 
U try to continue with ur questions in the other thread only.
 
but what i wanted to ask was there to some extent ..so i continued there...
ok... can you explain me the first part of the question here... please
 
...According to classical electromagnetism, two nearby magnetic dipoles will tend to align in opposite directions, so their magnetic fields will oppose one another and cancel out.
how does this happen?
North pole (N) attracts South pole (S). Keep this in mind and take a look at the attached diagram. I hope it will be self explanatory.
Cheers
 

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The magnetic moments are canceled in the second configuration.
 
Ok i got it... thanks
 

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