AC coupling in oscilloscopes involves connecting a capacitor in series with the input, creating a high-pass filter that removes DC components from the signal, which is useful for analyzing AC signals. Caution is advised when measuring low-frequency signals, as AC coupling can eliminate important DC information. For instance, when measuring a sine wave in a bipolar amplifier, AC coupling allows for a clearer view of the signal by centering it around zero volts. DC coupling is necessary when measuring DC voltages, such as the working voltage between transformer windings, but should not be done with mains power applied due to safety risks. Additionally, small AC voltages may be detected from open-circuited secondary windings due to capacitance effects.