Angle between curve and sphere

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the angle between a curve defined by the equations x² + y² = 1 and z = sqrt(2)x/y, and a sphere described by z² + y² + z² = 1. The points of intersection identified are (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0). The tangent vectors at these points are <1, 0, sqrt(2)> and <-1, 0, -sqrt(2)>, respectively. The tangent plane to the sphere at these points is determined to be perpendicular to the tangent line, resulting in a 90-degree angle at both intersection points.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of parametric equations and curves
  • Knowledge of tangent planes and normal vectors in 3D geometry
  • Familiarity with vector operations, including dot products
  • Basic concepts of calculus, particularly derivatives
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the tangent plane to the sphere at the points (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0)
  • Explore vector calculus to understand tangent lines and planes
  • Study the properties of angles between vectors in three-dimensional space
  • Learn about the application of arccosine in determining angles between vectors
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physics students, and anyone studying multivariable calculus or 3D geometry who seeks to understand the relationships between curves and surfaces.

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I need to find the angle between a curve x^2 + y^2 =1, z = sqrt(2)x/y and a sphere z^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1. I found two points of intersection, (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0), so at each of these points I assume that there's a tangent line to the curve and a tangent plane to the sphere. Then I'm guessing I'd find the angle between the direction vector of the tangent line to the curve and the normal vector of the tangent plane. Am I on the right track?

I have the direction vector of the tangent line to the curve at (0,1,0) as <1, 0, sqrt(2)> and at (0,-1,0) as <-1,0,-sqrt(2)>. I'm not sure where to go from here.
 
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autre said:
I need to find the angle between a curve x^2 + y^2 =1, z = sqrt(2)x/y and a sphere z^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1. I found two points of intersection, (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0), so at each of these points I assume that there's a tangent line to the curve and a tangent plane to the sphere. Then I'm guessing I'd find the angle between the direction vector of the tangent line to the curve and the normal vector of the tangent plane. Am I on the right track?

Yes, that's good.

I have the direction vector of the tangent line to the curve at (0,1,0) as <1, 0, sqrt(2)> and at (0,-1,0) as <-1,0,-sqrt(2)>. I'm not sure where to go from here.

Well, find the tangent plane to the sphere at the points (0,1,0) and (0,-1,0).
 
Oh, so that'll just be a 90 degree angle in both cases, since <+-1, 0, +-sqrt(2)>.<0,+-2,0> = 0 so arccos0 = pi/2.
 

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