The short answer is "yes". (If I understand you.)
We can answer better if we know what you need to know for...
It is fairly easy to probe many substances with different particles at different energies to determine their energy level and band structure.
Some notes to help you find out more:
"eV" stands for "electron volt" and it is a unit of energy.
Lots of energies are routinely measured in eV ... like mass and kinetic energy and potential differences.
It is important to distinguish the thing you measure from the units you measure it in. Imagine if I asked you how many inches you have? What am I asking about?
See?
Hydrogen and Helium (or any) gas energies do not usually come in "levels".
You may be thinking of the energy levels for hydrogen and helium atoms... possibly hydrogen molecules.
Hydrogen and Helium are only gasses at the kinds of temperatures and pressure we are used to ... either may also exist as a gas or as a solid. The material state (whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas) is not defined by the atom.
It is more usual to think of energy levels belonging to the whole atom or molecule rather than to the electrons... though "electron energy level" is a handy shorthand to distinguish this energy from, say, rotational and vibrational energy levels of the whole molecule.
There is nothing very special about the physics of transparent objects - at least not at the atomic scale you are asking about.
Transparent and opaque objects obey the same underlying Laws of Nature - thought the result can be quite different on the large scale.
That help?