To isolate a variable in a formula, such as v, one must rearrange the equation by moving all terms involving v to one side and constants to the other. This process may involve operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, or taking square roots, depending on the complexity of the formula. For example, starting with the equation 1/2mv^2 = mgh, one can eliminate the fraction by multiplying both sides by 2, resulting in mv^2 = 2mgh. Next, dividing by mass cancels out m, leading to v^2 = 2gh, and finally taking the square root gives v = sqrt(2gh). Understanding these steps is crucial for effectively isolating variables in various equations.