Astronomy: Explaining Why Stars on Top Left of Main Sequence Spend Less Time

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SUMMARY

Stars located on the top left of the main sequence, typically massive and hot, spend significantly less time in this phase compared to their counterparts on the lower right, which are smaller and cooler. This is due to their higher mass leading to increased core temperatures and pressures, resulting in faster nuclear fusion rates. Consequently, these massive stars exhaust their hydrogen fuel more rapidly, transitioning to later stages of stellar evolution in a shorter timeframe.

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  • Understanding of stellar evolution concepts
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Hi, I was just wondering if anyone could help me with this question. I couldn't find anything on the internet.

Q12 Explain why a star on the top left of the main sequence will spend much less time on the main sequence than another star on the lower right
 
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Nothing at all? How hard did you look?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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