At What Scale Does Quantum Mechanics Impact CPU Functionality?

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A few weeks ago I heard that Intel released 14nm CPU (Broadwell). After that I did some research and found out that by 2020s we humans will have 5nm CPUs and that will be the end of Moor's law according to Bob Colwell.

My question here is at what scale does the quantum mechanics kick in and classical computation can no longer be performed?
 
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I am not sure if this falls under classical physics or quantum physics or somewhere else (so feel free to put it in the right section), but is there any micro state of the universe one can think of which if evolved under the current laws of nature, inevitably results in outcomes such as a table levitating? That example is just a random one I decided to choose but I'm really asking about any event that would seem like a "miracle" to the ordinary person (i.e. any event that doesn't seem to...
Not an expert in QM. AFAIK, Schrödinger's equation is quite different from the classical wave equation. The former is an equation for the dynamics of the state of a (quantum?) system, the latter is an equation for the dynamics of a (classical) degree of freedom. As a matter of fact, Schrödinger's equation is first order in time derivatives, while the classical wave equation is second order. But, AFAIK, Schrödinger's equation is a wave equation; only its interpretation makes it non-classical...
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