Average field inside spherical shell of charge

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the average electric field inside a spherical shell of charge, particularly focusing on cases of non-uniform charge density. Participants explore theoretical implications, mathematical approaches, and specific charge distributions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes a known result that the average field inside a sphere due to internal charges is proportional to the dipole momentum of the charge distribution.
  • Another participant questions whether this result applies to a spherical shell with non-uniform charge density, suggesting that the symmetry of the density may influence the outcome.
  • A different perspective proposes using superposition of two point charges at different locations to address the question.
  • A participant expresses an understanding of needing to average contributions from elemental charges on the sphere surface and suggests a method involving a sphere slightly larger than the shell to compute the average field using dipole momentum.
  • This participant also introduces a specific example of a double polarity charge density, represented as ## \sigma = A \cos{\theta} ##, and seeks assistance with rendering LaTeX code.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the applicability of the dipole momentum result to non-uniform charge distributions, and the discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific calculations and implications for the average field inside the shell.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the symmetry of the charge distribution and the unresolved mathematical steps related to averaging contributions from elemental charges.

chimay
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TL;DR
Calculation of the electric field inside a spherical shell of charge with non-uniform density
A known result is that the average field inside a sphere due to all the charges inside the sphere itself is proportional to the dipole momentum of the charge distribution (see, for example, here).

I wonder whether the same result can be applied in the case of a spherical shell of non-uniform charge density. Is there any result about the average electric field inside the shell?
 
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chimay said:
I wonder whether the same result can be applied in the case of a spherical shell of non-uniform charge density. Is there any result about the average electric field inside the shell?
It depends on whether the non-uniform density is still spherically symmetrical.
 
Can't you answer the question with two point charges at different locations plus superposition?
 
Thank you both of you for your replies. I understand it is a matter to average the contribution of each elemental charge on the sphere surface and then sum all of them, but I am not able to go through all the calculations. For that reason, I was thinking to apply the result that I mentioned in my first post to a sphere with radius slightly larger than that of the spherical shell, let's say $$ R_{sphere} = R_{shell} + \Delta R $$ with ##\Delta R \rightarrow 0##. In this case I would get, again, that I can compute the average field inside the shell by computing the dipole momentum of the shell. Am I correct?

From a practical standpoint, I am working with a double polarity charge density. Let's say something like ## \sigma = A \cos{\theta} ##, to fix the ideas.PS: It seems I am not able to render the latex code in my reply. Can you render it correctly or did I make anything wrong?
 

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